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Cleopatra Selene II
Portrait head of Cleopatra Selene II (40 to c. 5 BCE), daughter of the Egyptian queen Cleopatra VII who became the queen of Mauretania upon her marriage to King Juba II of Numidia (48 BCE to 23 CE). Archaeological Museum of Cherchell (Musée...
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Royal Mausoleum of Mauretania, Algeria
The Royal Mausoleum of Mauretania near Tipasa in Algeria is a funerary monument built in 3 BCE by Juba II of Numidia (c. 50 BCE- c. 25 CE) and his wife Cleopatra Selene II (40 BCE-c. 5 BCE). This tomb may have been their final resting place...
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Ancient Desert Warfare
An artist's impression of ancient desert warfare in northern Africa, in this case depicting the Kushite army doing battle with the Masaesyli. The kingdom of Kush, situated in northern Africa, flourished between c. 1069 BCE and 350 CE, while...
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Triumph of Venus Mosaic
The Triumph of Venus mosaic was found at Khenchela (ancient Mascula, a Roman colony in Numidia) in Algeria. Venus is supported by two marine centaurs. Below are a hippocamp, a marine bull, and a fishing scene in which a fisherman lies on...
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Royal Mausoleum of Mauretania
The Royal Mausoleum of Mauretania in Tipaza, Algeria was built in 3 BCE by Juba II of Numidia (c. 50 BCE – c. 25 CE) and his wife Cleopatra Selene II (40 BCE – c. 5 BCE). This tomb may have been the final resting place of Juba II and Cleopatra...
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Scipio Africanus Freeing Massiva
As described by the Roman historian Livy (1st century BC), the youthful Massiva was the nephew of a prince of Numidia in present-day Algeria who had supported Scipio Africanus (a Roman general so known because of his conquests in North Africa...
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Mithraeum of Castellum Tidditanorum (Tiddis), Algeria
The Mithraeum of Castellum Tidditanorum in Numidia (modern Tiddis in Algeria) was a rock-cut sanctuary on the hillside dedicated to the god Mithras (dated 2nd-3rd century CE). At the entrance to the sanctuary, one of the pillars has a winged...
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Bust of Ptolemy of Mauretania, Louvre
A marble bust of King Ptolemy of Mauretania (c. 10 BCE - c. 40 CE). Ptolemy was the son of Juba II and Cleopatra Selene II, making him a descendant of both the Berber rulers of Numidia and the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt. Through his mother...
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Masaesyli in Battle
An artist's impression of the Masaesyli tribe in battle. The Masaesyli were the original inhabitants of the western part of the North African Berber kingdom of Numidia (202-40 BCE). (From the PC game Total War: Rome II - Desert Kingdoms by...
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Dougga / Thugga (UNESCO/NHK)
Before the Roman annexation of Numidia, the town of Thugga in present-day Tunisia, built on an elevated site overlooking a fertile plain, was the capital of an important Libyco-Punic state. It flourished under Roman and Byzantine rule, but...