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Maria Theresa
Definition

Maria Theresa - The Great Habsburg Empress

Maria Theresa (1717-1780) was the ruler of the Habsburg Monarchy, a sprawling empire that included Austria, Hungary, Bohemia, and other territories spread out across Italy, the Netherlands, and Central Europe...
Maria Theresa of Austria
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Maria Theresa of Austria

Portrait of Maria Theresa, ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 1740-1780, oil on canvas by Martin van Meytens, 1750. Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna.
War of the Austrian Succession
Definition

War of the Austrian Succession - How One Woman's Right to Rule Plunged Europe into War

The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) was a major conflict fought between the great powers of Europe, sparked by a dispute over the right of a woman – Maria Theresa...
Maria Theresa of Austria, c. 1744
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Maria Theresa of Austria, c. 1744

Portrait of Maria Theresa of Austria shortly after coming to power, oil on canvas by Martin van Meytens, c. 1744. Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna.
Anschluss
Definition

Anschluss

The Anschluss ('fusion') of 12 March 1938 was the annexation and formal union of Austria with Germany. Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), the Nazi leader of Germany, dreamed of an empire which enclosed all German speakers, his 'Greater Germany'...
Frederick the Great
Definition

Frederick the Great - Forging the Prussian State

Frederick II of Prussia (1712-1786), better known as Frederick the Great, was one of the most consequential rulers of 18th-century Europe. A scion of the House of Hohenzollern, he came to power in 1740...
Marie Antoinette
Definition

Marie Antoinette

Marie Antoinette (l. 1755-1793) was the queen of France during the turbulent final years of the Ancien Régime and the subsequent French Revolution (1789-1799). With the ascension of her husband Louis XVI of France (r. 1774-1792...
Maria Theresa and Her Family
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Maria Theresa and Her Family

Maria Theresa of Austria and her family, oil on canvas by Martin van Meytens, c. 1754. Those depicted include Maria Theresa (right, seated) her husband Francis I (left, seated), a young Joseph II (center, standing next...
Anna Maria Weems
Definition

Anna Maria Weems - The Girl Who Became a Boy to Escape Slavery

Anna Maria Weems (circa 1840 to circa 1863) was an enslaved African American woman in Rockville, Maryland, who escaped by posing as a young Black livery man and carriage driver, assisted by...
Maria Theresa in Mourning Dress
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Maria Theresa in Mourning Dress

Maria Theresa in mourning dress, oil on canvas by Anton von Maron, 1773. For the last 15 years of her reign, Maria Theresa of Austria dressed only in mourning attire to grieve the death of her husband Francis I...
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