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Gildas
Definition by Wesley Fiorentino

Gildas

Gildas (c. 500-570 CE) was a Romano-British monk, known primarily for a work entitled De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae, translated as On the Ruin and Conquest of Britain. Gildas' work is a polemical sermon recounting British history while...
Religion in the Middle Ages
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Religion in the Middle Ages

Religion in the Middle Ages, though dominated by the Catholic Church, was far more varied than only orthodox Christianity. In the Early Middle Ages (c. 476-1000), long-established pagan beliefs and practices entwined with those of the new...
Twelve Famous Women of the Middle Ages
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Twelve Famous Women of the Middle Ages

Women in the Middle Ages were frequently characterized as second-class citizens by the Church and the patriarchal aristocracy. Women's status was somewhat elevated in the High and Late Middle Ages by the cult of the Virgin Mary and courtly...
The Origin & History of the BCE/CE Dating System
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Origin & History of the BCE/CE Dating System

The BCE/CE dating system was first used in the 17th century and has been used since in scholarly publications read by people of all faiths and cultures in an effort to be inclusive. This system is also more accurate in that it makes no claim...
Armenia's Khor Virap Monastery
Image by James Blake Wiener

Armenia's Khor Virap Monastery

Khor Virap is an ancient Armenian monastery located near the border with Turkey some 8 km (5 mi) from the town of Artashat, Armenia. It is situated on the Ararat Plain and offers fantastic views of Mt. Ararat in good weather. Legend has it...
Khor Virap Monastery
Image by James Blake Wiener

Khor Virap Monastery

Khor Virap Monastery is located on the Ararat plain in what's present-day Armenia, and it is situated very close to the Armenian-Turkish border. Constructed from the 5th-17th century CE, Khor Virap is celebrated in Armenia as the site where...
Reactions to Plague in the Ancient & Medieval World
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Reactions to Plague in the Ancient & Medieval World

Throughout history, epidemics and pandemics of plague and other diseases have caused widespread panic and social disorder even, in some instances, when the people of one region were aware of a pervasive infection elsewhere. In the case of...
The Siege of Acre, 1291 CE
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Siege of Acre, 1291 CE

The Siege of Acre in 1291 CE was the final fatal blow to Christian Crusader ambitions in the Holy Land. Acre had always been the most important Christian-held port in the Levant, but when it finally fell on 18 May 1291 CE to the armies of...
Interview: Rome: A History in Seven Sackings
Interview by James Blake Wiener

Interview: Rome: A History in Seven Sackings

No city on earth has preserved its past quite like Rome. Visitors stand on bridges that were crossed by Julius Caesar and Cicero, walk around temples visited by Roman emperors, and step into churches that have hardly changed since popes celebrated...
First Crusade
Definition by Mark Cartwright

First Crusade

The First Crusade (1095-1102) was a military campaign by western European forces to recapture the city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim control. Conceived by Pope Urban II following an appeal from the Byzantine emperor Alexios I...
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