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Mask of Agamemnon, from shaft grave V, grave circle A, Mycenae, c.1550-1500 B.C.E.

Mask of Agamemnon, from shaft grave V, grave circle A, c.1550-1500 B.C.E., gold, 12 inches / 35 cm (National Archaeological Museum, Athens) Speakers: Dr. Steven Zucker & Dr. Beth Harris
Curses & Fines on Epitaphs
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Curses & Fines on Epitaphs

The concept of a curse laid on a tomb or gravesite is best known from ancient Egypt but the practice was quite common in other civilizations of antiquity. The tomb or grave was the eternal home of the physical remains of the deceased to which...
Paul's Journeys and the Mediterranean Trade
Article by Patrick Scott Smith, M. A.

Paul's Journeys and the Mediterranean Trade

Mediterranean trade increased exponentially at the turn of the first millennium. During Rome's zenith, goods of all sorts began to move in all directions. As a common traveler aboard merchant ships, Paul traveled within such a milieu. Tracing...
Caesarea Maritima's Role in the Mediterranean Trade
Article by Patrick Scott Smith, M. A.

Caesarea Maritima's Role in the Mediterranean Trade

Caesarea Maritima was located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Built from the ground up in 22-10 BCE by Rome's client king, Herod the Great (r. 37-4 BCE), its location in relation to ship traffic and proximity to historical...
Burial in Ancient Mesopotamia
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Burial in Ancient Mesopotamia

Burial in ancient Mesopotamia was the practice of interring a corpse in a grave or tomb while observing certain rites, primarily to ensure the passage of the soul of the deceased to the underworld and prevent its return to haunt the living...
Lend-Lease
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Lend-Lease - The WWII US Aid Programme for Allies

Lend-Lease (sometimes called Lease-Lend) was a programme of financial and material aid given by the United States to its allies during the Second World War (1939-45). Food, weapons, ammunition, and agricultural equipment were amongst the...
Trade in the Roman World
Article by Mark Cartwright

Trade in the Roman World

Regional, inter-regional and international trade was a common feature of the Roman world. A mix of state control and a free market approach ensured goods produced in one location could be exported far and wide. Cereals, wine and olive oil...
The Stonehenge Burials
Article by Brian Haughton

The Stonehenge Burials

A great deal has been written about why the prehistoric monument of Stonehenge, in Wiltshire, southern England, was constructed. Perhaps it was designed as a temple to the ancestors, an astronomical calendar, a healing centre or a giant computer...
Recreation of Vix Grave
Image by Karsten Wentnik

Recreation of Vix Grave

A recreation of the "Grave of the Lady of Vix", from the Museum of Pays Châtillonnais - Trésor de Vix, in France. The "Vix Grave" was an inhumation burial from around 500 BCE, in which a young woman of high social status was interred with...
Norse Ghosts & Funerary Rites
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Norse Ghosts & Funerary Rites

In Norse belief, the soul of the deceased might wind up in any one of a number of afterlife realms. There was Valhalla, the realm of Odin where the dead warriors drank, fought, and told stories, Folkvangr ('the Field of the People'), the...
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