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William IV of Great Britain
William IV of Great Britain (r. 1830-1837) succeeded his elder brother George IV of Great Britain (r. 1820-1830) to become the fifth Hanoverian monarch. William had a successful naval career, and his reign is best remembered for the democratic...

Definition
Passmore Williamson - Liberator and Celebrity Prisoner
Passmore Williamson (1822-1895) was a Quaker abolitionist, successful businessman, and member of the Underground Railroad in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Williamson helped many slaves gain freedom, among them Henry Box Brown (circa 1815 to...

Definition
Sojourner Truth
Sojourner Truth (l. c. 1797-1883) was an African American abolitionist, women's suffrage advocate, and civil rights activist who famously "walked away" from slavery in 1826, sued in court for the return of her son and, between 1843 and her...

Definition
Dred Scott Decision - Worst Supreme Court Ruling in US History
The Dred Scott Decision (Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 393 (1857) was the infamous ruling of the United States Supreme Court that, according to the US Constitution, Black people were not and could not be considered citizens of...

Definition
Harriet Tubman - Visionary American Hero
Harriet Tubman (circa 1822-1913) was a former slave, abolitionist, women's rights activist, and famous conductor on the Underground Railroad. She served as a cook, nurse, scout, and spy for the Union Army during the American Civil War and...

Video
The history of the world according to cats - Eva-Maria Geigl
Sign up for our newsletter and never miss an animation: http://bit.ly/TEDEdNewsletter View full lesson: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-history-of-the-world-according-to-cats-eva-maria-geigl In ancient times, wildcats were fierce carnivorous...

Video
The Murder of Hypatia of Alexandria
Dive into the life of one of Ancient Rome’s most powerful figures, Hypatia of Alexandria, a renowned scholar and political advisor to the city's leaders. — In the city of Alexandria in 415 CE, the bishop and the governor were in a fight...

Video
From Slave to Rebel Gladiator: The Life of Spartacus
Sign up for our newsletter and never miss an animation: http://bit.ly/TEDEdNewsletter View full lesson: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/from-slave-to-rebel-gladiator-the-life-of-spartacus-fiona-radford Spartacus was a slave — one of millions...

Definition
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation (1517-1648) refers to the widespread religious, cultural, and social upheaval of 16th-century Europe that broke the hold of the medieval Church, allowing for the development of personal interpretations of the Christian...

Definition
German Crusade 1197-8 CE
The German Crusade of 1197 CE, also known as the 'Emperor's Crusade', was led by the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI (r. 1191-1197 CE). Although the emperor died on his way east, his army did capture Beirut from the forces of the Ayyubid dynasty...