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Africa in World War Two
This map illustrates the geopolitical situations and theaters of conflict in Africa during World War II. The continent saw various military campaigns and battles, notably in North and West Africa, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, and Madagascar...

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Model of an Axum Palace
A model of a palace/fortress structure at Axum, capital of the African kingdom of Axum (1st-8th century CE) on the coast of the Red Sea (modern Ethiopia & Eritrea). (Archaeological Museum of Axum, Ethiopia)

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Tiya (UNESCO/NHK)
Tiya is among the most important of the roughly 160 archaeological sites discovered so far in the Soddo region, south of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The site contains 36 monuments, including 32 carved stelae covered with symbols, most of which...

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The Twelve Tribes of Israel
The Twelve Tribes of Israel refer to the sons of the Jewish Patriarch Jacob and are important for the tribal lineages of those who constituted the nation of Israel. In the ancient world, all ethnic groups developed stories of their ancestors...

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Origins of World Agriculture
Agriculture arose independently at several locations across the world, beginning about 12,000 years ago. The first crops and livestock were domesticated in six rather diffuse areas including the Near East, China, Southeast Asia, and Africa...

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Middle Eastern Power Shifts & the Trade of Pepper from East to West
Pepper has long been the king of spices and for almost 2,000 years dominated world trade. Originating in India, it was known in Greece by the 4th century BCE and was an integral part of the Roman diet by 30 BCE. It remained a force in Europe...

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Aksum (UNESCO/NHK)
The ruins of the ancient city of Aksum are found close to Ethiopia's northern border. They mark the location of the heart of ancient Ethiopia, when the Kingdom of Aksum was the most powerful state between the Eastern Roman Empire and Persia...

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Royal Obelisk, Axum
A stone monolithic obelisk marking the tomb of King Ezanas of the kingdom of Axum (aka Aksum, modern Ethiopia), c. 400 CE. The carvings imitate the architectural features of dry-stone and timber housing.

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Fasilides Palace, Gondar
Fasilides Palace in the Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar, Ethiopia. Gondar was made the capital of the Kingdom of Abyssinia (aka Ethiopian Empire) in 1636 CE.

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Australopithecus Garhi Reconstruction
Reconstructed skull of Australopithecus garhi from fossils found in 1997 CE (Awash, Afar region). 2.5 million years old. Now found in Addis Ababa, National Museum of Ethiopia.