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A 19th-century portrait of Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475-1519), the Spanish conquistador who famously discovered the Pacific Ocean after crossing the isthmus of Panama in 1513. (Naval Museum of Madrid)

A 16th-century portrait of Afonso de Albuquerque who established the colony of Portuguese Goa in India and who served as the Viceroy of the Estado da India from 1509 to 1515. (National Museum of Ancient Art, Lisbon)

Depiction of a physician preparing an elixir. Illustration from a folio of an Arabic translation of the 1st Century CE Greek medical text De Materia Medica. Iraq, 1224 CE. Ink, opaque watercolor, and...

King Louis XIV dances as Apollo in the Ballet de la Nuit, drawing by Henri de Gissey, France, 1653. Le Ballet de la Nuit was choreographed in 1653 and was used to introduce King Louis XIV to the French...

A 19th-century painting by Felix Parra (1845-1919) of the Dominican friar Bartolomé de Las Casas (1484-1566) who sought to end the abuses of indigenous peoples going on in the New World.

An 1876 oil on canvas, Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette, by Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) the French impressionist painter. The painting shows young and fashionable Parisians dancing in Montmartre in the...

Portrait of Olympe de Gouges (1748-1793), French playwright and author of the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen. Painting by Alexander Kucharsky, c. 18th century. Private Collection.

From a compendium of Christine de Pizan’s works commissioned in 1413 CE, produced by her scriptorium in Paris. The British Library. Harley 4431, f.259v. Christine de Pizan (also known as Christine de Pisan, l. 1364-1430...

Marie de France (wrote c. 1160-1215 CE), from an illuminated manuscript now in the Bibliothèque nationale de France: BnF, Arsenal Library, Ms. 3142 fol. 256.

Painting depicting the Storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789, specifically of the arrest of the Marquis de Launay, governor of the Bastille, by revolutionaries. Circa 1789-1791...