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Robert the Bruce
Robert I of Scotland, better known as Robert the Bruce, reigned as King of Scotland from 1306 to 1329 CE. For his role in achieving independence from England, Robert the Bruce has long been regarded as a national hero and one...
Definition
Hussite Wars
The Hussite Wars (1419 to c. 1434) were a series of conflicts fought in Bohemia (modern-day Czech Republic) between followers of the reformer Jan Hus and Catholic loyalists toward the end of the Bohemian Reformation (c. 1380 to c...
Definition
Kadesh
Kadesh was a city in the region of Syria and an important center of trade in the ancient world. It is probably best known as the site of the famous battle between Pharaoh Ramesses II (The Great, 1279-1213 BCE) of Egypt and King Muwatalli...
Definition
Edward IV of England
Edward IV of England ruled as king from 1461 to 1470 CE and again from 1471 to 1483 CE. The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453 CE) had been lost by Edward's predecessor, Henry VI of England (1422-1461 CE & 1470-1471 CE), leaving...
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Crusades
The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by popes and Christian western powers to take Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control and then defend those gains. There were eight major official crusades between...
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Helmet from The Battle of The Aegates Islands
An iron helmet from the Battle of the Aegates Islands. 241 BCE. Soprintendenza del Mare, (National Maritime Museum, Sydney Australia)
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Persian & Armenian Battle Scene
Although this manuscript edition of the "History of Vardan and the Armenian War" was finished in 1569 CE, this illustration shows a battle between the Armenians and the Persians in the 5th century CE. Take special...
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Urartian Advancing into Battle and Disposal of Prisoners
The upper register shows Urartians advancing into battle (against the Assyrians) from mountains while the lower register shows handing over of prisoners to an Assyrian officer from the camp. Shalmaneser...
Definition
Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (l. 1747-1793) was a French noble of royal blood. He was the head of the House of Orléans, a cadet branch of the royal Bourbon dynasty, and was a cousin of King Louis XVI of France...
Definition
James 'Jim' Bowie - Accidental Hero of the Alamo
James 'Jim' Bowie (1796-1836) was a frontiersman, land speculator, slave trader, and militia officer who became a legendary figure following the Sandbar Fight in 1827, an event that also made the Bowie...