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Assyrian Warfare
Assyria began as a small trading community centered at the ancient city of Ashur and grew to become the greatest empire in the ancient world prior to the conquests of Alexander the Great and, after him, the Roman Empire. While the Assyrians'...
Definition
War of the Second Coalition
The War of the Second Coalition (1798-1802), part of the broader French Revolutionary Wars, was the second attempt by an alliance of major European powers to defeat Revolutionary France. The Second Coalition, which included Russia, Austria...
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Darius III (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)
A photorealistic representation of the Persian king Darius III (r. 336-330 BCE) as he may have appeared. This reconstruction is largely based on artistic evidence like the Alexander Mosaic (c. 100 BCE) and coins minted during the reign of...
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The Black Obelisk of King Shalmaneser III
This obelisk was erected as a public monument in 825 BCE at a time of civil war. The relief sculptures glorify the achievements of King Shalmaneser III and his commander-in-chief . It lists their military campaigns of 31 years and the tribute...
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Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III [Front Panel]
The front panel of this dais depicts Shalmaneser III (r. 858-824 BCE), (on the right) handshaking Marduk-zakir-shumi (r. 855 - 819 BCE) (left), king of Babylon. Both are surrounded by guards and stand below a fringed canopy supported by poles...
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Demolition of the Monument to Alexander III in Moscow
Photograph of the demolition of the monument to Alexander III in Moscow, July 1918. As Tsarist Russia fell in 1917, so did the monuments of its monarchs. The colossal bronze statue to Alexander III was dismantled in July 1918 following a...
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Throne Dais of Shlamaneser III at the Iraq Museum
This dais was found in the eastern end of the throne room (T1) at Fort Shalmaneser in the city of Nimrud (in modern-day Nineveh Governorate, Iraq) in 1962 CE. The upper surface is decorated with geometrical floral motifs and inscribed with...
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Gordian III (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)
A photorealistic representation of what the Roman emperor Gordian III (r. 238-244 CE) may have looked like. Based on contemporary and near contemporary descriptions, as well as archaeological evidence. Pictured alongside the reconstruction...
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Statue of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud
This statue represents Shalmaneser III (reigned 858-824 BCE) and was found by a peasant accidentally in the early spring of 1956. It was badly fragmented at the south-east corner of Nimrud city wall, at the foot of the acropolis. The statue's...
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King Amenhotep III
The enthroned pharaoh has idealized features and wears a striped head-cloth, false beard, and pleated kilt. A bull's tail, symbol of superhuman strength, hangs between the legs. Many Egyptian kings used the title of "bull" or "strong bull"...