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One of the first representations of the Buddha, 1st-2nd century CE, Gandhara: Standing Buddha. (Tokyo National Museum)

A Jomon clay mask or domen. Kidukuri, Kamegaoka, Tsugaru-shi, Aomori, Japan. Jomon Period, 1000-400 BCE. Important Cultural Property. (Tokyo National Museum)

An 1886 oil on canvas painting, Le Moulin de Blute-Fin, by Vincent van Gogh (1853-90), the Dutch post-impressionist artist. Painted in Paris while van Gogh shared an apartment with his brother Theo. The artist made...

A Jomon stone figurine or gangu. Komukai, Nanbu-cho, Aomori, Japan. Jomon Period, 1000-400 BCE. (Tokyo National Musuem)

A landscape ink and water painting by Sesshu (real name Toyo, 1420-1506 CE), one of the most important artists of Japan's Muromachi period (1333-1573 CE). This example was painted using the 'splashed-ink' technique. Hanging...

A Jomon vase, Japan. Jomon Period, 4000-3000 BCE. (Tokyo National Museum)

This piece of obsidian dates from the Paleolithic period or c. 18000 BCE, and it was uncovered in Engarau-cho on Japan's Hokkaido island. It helped prehistoric Japanese people in making stone tools. (Tokyo...

A seated Nikko Bosatsu (Suryaprabha). Lacquered wood with gilding. Nara Period, 8th century CE. Important Cultural Property. (Tokyo National Museum)

A painted silk portrait of Kukai or Kobo Daishi (774-835 CE) who was a scholar, poet, and monk who founded Shingon Buddhism in Japan. 14th century CE. (Tokyo National Museum)

Gilt bronze shoes, most likely imports from the Korean Peninsula. Etafunayama Tumulus, Nagomi-machi, Kumamoto, Japan. Kofun Period, 5th-6th century CE. National Treasure. (Tokyo National Museum)