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Underground Railroad
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Underground Railroad - Pathways to Freedom

The Underground Railroad was a decentralized network of White abolitionists, free Blacks, former slaves, Mexicans, Native Americans, and others opposing slavery in the United States who established secret routes and havens to help slaves...
W. M. Mitchell's The Underground Railroad
Article by Joshua J. Mark

W. M. Mitchell's The Underground Railroad - A Firsthand Account of the Struggle for Freedom

William M. Mitchell (circa 1826 to circa 1879) was a free-born Black overseer in North Carolina who, after 12 years managing slaves on a plantation, experienced a religious awakening, condemned slavery, left North Carolina for Ohio, and became...
William Still
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

William Still - Father of the Underground Railroad

William Still (1819-1902) was an African American abolitionist known as the "Father of the Underground Railroad" for his efforts in helping to free between 600 to 800 people from slavery. Born the son of formerly enslaved parents, Still devoted...
William Still: Father of the Underground Railroad
Video by Black History Allstars

William Still: Father of the Underground Railroad

Title: The Legacy of William Still: Father of the Underground Railroad Join us on a journey through the life of William Still, an unsung hero of the Underground Railroad. This documentary delves into the remarkable story of a man who was...
Routes of the Underground Railroad
Image by Wilbur Henry Siebert

Routes of the Underground Railroad

Routes of the Underground Railroad, a network of secret routes and safe havens to help slaves escape, illustration from The underground railroad from slavery to freedom by Wilbur Henry Siebert, 1898.
The Underground Railroad: Crash Course Black American History #15
Video by CrashCourse

The Underground Railroad: Crash Course Black American History #15

Escape was one of the many ways that enslaved people resisted their captivity in the system of American slavery. The Underground Railroad was not literally a railroad. It was a network of people, routes, and safe houses that helped people...
The Inside Story: The Underground Railroad
Video by Half Price Books

The Inside Story: The Underground Railroad

Steve Leach, aka the HPB Buy Guy, shares the stories behind The Underground Railroad by Rev. W. M. Mitchell.
Lear Green
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Lear Green - Escaping Slavery in a Chest

Lear Green (circa 1839-1860) was an enslaved African American woman in Baltimore, Maryland, who had herself shipped in a chest to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to escape slavery. Her story is frequently compared to that of Henry Box Brown (circa...
Anna Maria Weems
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Anna Maria Weems - The Girl Who Became a Boy to Escape Slavery

Anna Maria Weems (circa 1840 to circa 1863) was an enslaved African American woman in Rockville, Maryland, who escaped by posing as a young Black livery man and carriage driver, assisted by the Underground Railroad, in September 1855. She...
Clarissa Davis & Woman Escaping in a Box
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Clarissa Davis & Woman Escaping in a Box - No Happy Slaves and Two Great Escapes

Slaveholders in the United States frequently claimed that Blacks were 'happy' to be slaves and could, in no way, function as free people as they would find freedom 'burdensome' – a claim fully articulated by slavery apologist T. R. Dew's...
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