Normandy: Did you mean...?

The capture of Jerusalem from Muslim control was the primary goal of the First Crusade (1095-1102 CE), a combined military campaign organised by western rulers, the Pope, and the Byzantine Empire. After a brief siege, the city was captured...

The bombing of Berlin, aka the Berlin Air Offensive or Battle of Berlin (Air), was a sustained bombing campaign on the German capital by the British Royal Air Force and United States Air Force from November 1943 until March 1944. The objective...

William the Conqueror (r. 1066-1087 CE) was victorious at the Battle of Hastings in October 1066 CE, and Harold Godwinson, King Harold II of England (r. Jan - Oct 1066 CE) was dead. The English throne and kingdom were there for the taking...

This map illustrates the sweep of Viking exploration between the late 8th and early 11th centuries, charting longship routes from Scandinavia to the British Isles, Normandy, Iberia, Russia, the Mediterranean, and across the North Atlantic...

The Norman Conquest of England began in 1066 following the death of Edward the Confessor (reign 1042–1066), who left no direct heir, triggering a succession crisis. Among several claimants was William, Duke of Normandy, who asserted that...

By 1130, Norman power stood at its peak, the result of rapid expansion and consolidation across Europe and the Mediterranean in little more than two centuries. Originating from the grant of territory to Rollo (reign c. 911–927) by the West...

A photograph showing British Commando troops landing on the Normandy beaches (Gold Beach here) during D-Day 6 June 1944. (Imperial War Museums)

Morgane Polanski and Clive Standen in the television series Vikings. The characters are based on Gisela of France and Rollo of Normandy.

An aerial view of Gold Beach during the D-Day Normandy Landings of 6 June 1944. The smoke is from German defensive positions struck by Allied naval and air bombardment. (Imperial War Museums)

A photograph showing destroyed vehicles of the U.S. Army on Omaha Beach during the Normandy Landings which began on D-Day 6 June 1944. (Imperial War Musuems)