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Saraswati
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Saraswati

Saraswati (also Sarasvati) is the Hindu goddess of learning, wisdom, music, and aesthetics. She is also known as Bharati (eloquence), Shatarupa (existence), Vedamata ('mother of the Vedas'), Brahmi, Sarada, Vagisvari, and Putkari. As Vac...
Terracotta Bust of an Underworld Goddess from Pella
Image by Nathalie Choubineh

Terracotta Bust of an Underworld Goddess from Pella

Terracotta bust of an underworld goddess from Pella, mid-4th century BCE. Archaeological Museum of Pella, North Macedonia. The ancient city of Pella, the second capital of the ancient Kingdom of Macedonia, was the birthplace of Philip II...
Gilgamesh and Huwawa
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Gilgamesh and Huwawa

Gilgamesh and Huwawa is a Sumerian poem relating the expedition of Gilgamesh and Enkidu to the Cedar Forest and the slaying of the monster-demon Huwawa. The work predates and informs The Epic of Gilgamesh in which the death of the monster...
Seshat
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Seshat

Seshat (also given as Sefkhet-Abwy and Seshet) is the Egyptian goddess of the written word. Her name literally means "female scribe" and she is regularly depicted as a woman wearing a leopard skin draped over her robe with a headdress of...
Asherah
Definition by April Lynn Downey

Asherah

Asherah is a Hebrew word for what was either a goddess or a cultic object or perhaps both. Although many see evidence for Asherah being an individual goddess known to the Israelites, some scholars believe that the context of the word primarily...
Frigg
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Frigg

Frigg is a fertility goddess in Norse mythology. She is the wife of Odin, king of the gods, and is the greatest goddess of the Norse pantheon. She is thought to have developed, along with the goddess Freyja, from an earlier fertility deity...
Mary Prince
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Mary Prince

Mary Prince (l. c. 1788 to c. 1833) was the first enslaved Black woman to publish an autobiography/slave narrative. Prince was illiterate but dictated her life story to the writer Susanna Strickland (l. 1803-1885), published in 1831 as The...
Female Goddess, Gundestrup Cauldron
Image by Claude Valette

Female Goddess, Gundestrup Cauldron

A panel from the Gundestrup Cauldron showing a female goddess with a wheel on either side of her. The figure may be Medb, a major Celtic goddess of territory, fertility and rulership. The figure is surrounded by exotic creatures which seem...
Goddess Nisaba
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Goddess Nisaba

A fragment of a vase with a depiction of the goddess Nisaba (also Ninibgal or Nidaba), goddess of writing, learning, and the harvest. The cuneiform inscription on the vase mentions the name of Entemena, ruler of Lagash. Chlorite. From Mesopotamia...
Goddess Ishtar descent to the underworld tablet
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Goddess Ishtar descent to the underworld tablet

The legend, written in Akkadian, describes how Ishtar, goddess of sexuality and warfare, went to the Underworld. Ishtar decided to undertake the journey, although the Underworld was known as the 'land of no return' for humans and gods alike...
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