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Rashidun Government
The Rashidun Caliphate (632-661 CE) was responsible for setting up the basis of the Islamic empire and expanding its borders beyond the Arabian soil. These leaders were selected by the consent of the people and based on their own merits...
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The Classical Orders of Architecture - From Greece to Rome, the Five Pillars of Architectural Design
The five classical orders of architecture: Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite, form a codified system of proportion, decoration, and structural logic that emerged in the Greek world (c. 7th–4th centuries BCE) and was later adapted...
Definition
Rashidun Caliphate
The first four caliphs of the Islamic empire – Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali are referred to as Rashidun (rightly guided) Caliphs (632-661 CE) by mainstream Sunni Muslims. Their tenure started with the death of Prophet Muhammad in 632 CE...
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The Doric Order, Classical Orders of Architecture
The Classical Orders of Architecture (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite), originating in ancient Greece and refined by the Romans, are fundamental design principles that significantly influence classical and neoclassical structures...
Definition
Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr (l. 573-634 CE, r. 632-634 CE) was an early convert of Islam; he was a close friend and confidant of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and became the first caliph of the Islamic empire – a successor to Muhammad's temporal position but...
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The Corinthian Order, Classical Orders of Architecture
The Classical Orders of Architecture (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite), originating in ancient Greece and refined by the Romans, are fundamental design principles that significantly influence classical and neoclassical structures...
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The Ionic Order, Classical Orders of Architecture
The Classical Orders of Architecture (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite), originating in ancient Greece and refined by the Romans, are fundamental design principles that significantly influence classical and neoclassical structures...
Definition
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad ibn Abdullah (l. 570-632 CE) is venerated today as the Prophet of Islam and the “seal of Prophets” by his followers – the Muslims. Muslims believe that Muhammad was the last – hence the “seal” – of many prophets before him in Judaism...
Definition
Quran
The Quran (also written Qur’an or Koran), revealed in the 7th century, is the sacred book of Islam, following in the tradition of the Abrahamic faiths, with the Torah as the sacred book of Judaism and the New Testament as the sacred book...
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Reconstruction of Gandharan Architecture
A wall panel recreated using typical materials and decorative techniques at Quaid-e-Azam University to showcase Gandharan Architecture for students. The panel contains a structural wall created using typical small diaper masonry, with some...
