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Stamped Brick From Borsippa
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Stamped Brick From Borsippa

A stamped mud-brick with a cuneiform inscription. From the ziggurat and temple of God of Nabu Borsippa, Babel Governorate, Iraq. The temple and ziggurat were destroyed in 484 BCE during the suppression of a revolt against the Achaemenid king...
Stone tablet of Nabu-apla-iddina
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Stone tablet of Nabu-apla-iddina

This stone tablet records the restoration of certain lands by the Babylonian king Nabu-apla-iddina to a priest. On the top of the stone are 13 symbols of the gods designed to protect the legal statement. Both the king, wearing the typical...
The Ancient Mound of Bakr Awa, Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

The Ancient Mound of Bakr Awa, Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan

Bakr Awa is a mound southeast of the modern city of Sulaimaniya, near the city of Halabja, within the Sharazor plain, Iraqi Kurdistan. A German archaeological team headed by Professor Peter Miglus (of the University of Heidelberg) has been...
A Stamped Mud Brick, Borsippa
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

A Stamped Mud Brick, Borsippa

Stamped mud brick from the temple and ziggurat of God Nabu. Borsippa, Mesopotamia, Iraq.
Uruk
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Uruk - The First Great City

Uruk was one of the most important cities (at one time, the most important) in ancient Mesopotamia. According to the Sumerian King List, it was founded by King Enmerkar circa 5000/4500 BCE. Uruk is best known as the birthplace of writing...
Assyria
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Assyria

Assyria was the region located in the ancient Near East which, under the Neo-Assyrian Empire, reached from Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) through Asia Minor (modern Turkey) and down through Egypt. The empire began modestly at the city of Ashur...
Fertile Crescent
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Fertile Crescent

The Fertile Crescent, often called the "Cradle of Civilization", is the region in the Middle East which curves, like a quarter-moon shape, from the Persian Gulf, through modern-day southern Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and northern...
Umayyad Dynasty
Definition by Syed Muhammad Khan

Umayyad Dynasty

The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE), the first dynasty to take the title of Caliphate, was established in 661 CE by Muawiya (l. c. 602-680 CE), who had served as the governor of Syria under the Rashidun Caliphate, after the death of the fourth...
Mitanni
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Mitanni

The Kingdom of Mitanni, known to the people of the land, and the Assyrians, as Hanigalbat and to the Egyptians as Naharin and Metani, once stretched from present-day northern Iraq, down through Syria and into Turkey and was among the greatest...
Ilkhanate
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Ilkhanate

The Ilkhanate (or Ilqanate, 1260-1335 CE) was that part of the Mongol Empire (1206-1368 CE) which mostly covered what is today Iran and parts of Turkmenistan, Turkey, Iraq, Armenia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Established by the Mongol general...
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