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The Portuguese in East Africa
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Portuguese in East Africa

The Portuguese first took an interest in East Africa from the beginning of the 16th century as their empire spread eastwards across the Indian Ocean. Trade in the region was already well-established and carried out by Africans, Indians, and...
The Spice Trade & the Age of Exploration
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Spice Trade & the Age of Exploration

One of the major motivating factors in the European Age of Exploration was the search for direct access to the highly lucrative Eastern spice trade. In the 15th century, spices came to Europe via the Middle East land and sea routes, and spices...
James McLaughlin, US Indian Inspector
Image by Unknown Artist

James McLaughlin, US Indian Inspector

James McLaughlin (l. 1842-1923), US Indian Inspector of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, best known for ordering the arrest of the Sioux Chief Sitting Bull in December 1890 and requesting the troops that participated in the Wounded Knee Massacre...
The Eastern Trade Network of Ancient Rome
Article by James Hancock

The Eastern Trade Network of Ancient Rome

The life of wealthy Romans was filled with exotic luxuries such as cinnamon, myrrh, pepper, or silk acquired through long-distance international trade. Goods from the Far East arrived in Rome through two corridors – the Red Sea and the Persian...
The French and Indian War in North America, 1754 - 1763
Image by Simeon Netchev

The French and Indian War in North America, 1754 - 1763

A map illustrating the course and major events of the French and Indian War (1754 - 1763), a crucial North American conflict within the broader Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France. It started in 1754, pitching France, French...
Indian Massacre of 1622
Image by Matthaeus Merian

Indian Massacre of 1622

Indian Massacre of 1622. A colorized version of a woodcut by Matthaeus Merian published along with Theodore de Bry's earlier engravings in a book on the New World, 1628. The engraving shows the 1622 massacre when Powhatan Indians attacked...
North American Indian Warrior by John White
Image by John White

North American Indian Warrior by John White

An illustration by John White (d. 1593 CE) of a North American Indian warrior seen by the first English colonists who attempted to establish a settlement, Roanoke Colony, in 1585 CE (and again in 1587 CE). The colony was located in what is...
Indian Princely States Postage Stamps
Image by Mark Cartwright

Indian Princely States Postage Stamps

Four examples of British India postage stamps issued with overprints for use in particular Indian princely states. Top left: Queen Victoria, Gwalior, 1904 Top right: Queen Victoria, Patiala, 1895 Bottom left: King George V, Jind State...
Sculpture of an Indian Lion
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Sculpture of an Indian Lion

In India, the lion is known as the Lord of Beasts and has royal associations. This marble white panel is an architectural figure from the base of an Indian temple. From India, 11th century CE. (National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh, UK)
Mohicans During the French and Indian War
Image by Morgan Creek Productions

Mohicans During the French and Indian War

Madeleine Stowe, Jodhi May, Wes Studi, and Steven Waddington in The Last of the Mohicans (1992). Image by Morgan Creek Productions. The movie is set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.
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