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Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia, the name given to the multiple treaties, marked the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War. Signed on 24 October 1648, it aimed to secure political autonomy for the multitude of small states that made up the Holy Roman...

Article
Pilgrimage in the Byzantine Empire
Pilgrimage in the Byzantine Empire involved the Christian faithful travelling often huge distances to visit such holy sites as Jerusalem or to see in person relics of holy figures and miraculous icons on show from Thessaloniki to Antioch...

Video
Why It's Time To Give Native Americans Their Land Back
For some reason, Oct. 12th is still Columbus Day in a lot of the United States. Fortunately, more and more cities and states are adopting that day as Indigenous Peoples Day – a nice rebuke to a day used to commemorate someone who not only...

Video
061: Ptolemaic Egypt - Greeks in an Egyptian Land
Drawn by the prospects of providing service to the Ptolemaic government in either the bureaucracy or the army, or perhaps seeking to settle and farm some of the most productive land in the world, tens of thousands of Greeks would immigrate...

Video
Machu Picchu & The Land of the Inca
Discover the ancient, colonial, and contemporary wonders of Peru and Machu Picchu on a Lindblad-National Geographic expedition. Spend a week exploring Lima, Cusco, the Sacred Valley of the Inca, with the expedition culminating at Machu Picchu...

Definition
Frederick II
Frederick II (l. 1194-1250 CE) was the king of Sicily (r. 1198-1250 CE), Germany (r. 1215-1250 CE), Jerusalem (r. 1225-1228 CE), and also reigned supreme as the Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1220-1250 CE). He was born in Jesi in 1194 CE but spent...

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Altarpiece of the Holy Blood, Rothenburg
The Altarpiece of the Holy Blood in the church of Saint Jacob, Rothenburg, Germany. Made of glazed limewood by Tilman Riemenschneider (c. 1460-1531), it was completed by 1505. It shows the Last Supper in the central panel while the left...

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Maya Devi Temple & the Holy Pond
Image of the Maya Devi Temple and Holy Pond in Lumbini, the birthplace of the Buddha. The area of the temple covers the exact spot where Siddhartha Gautama was born, which is indicated by the marker stone. The Holy Pond is where, according...

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Equestrian Portrait of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Equestrian portrait of Charles I of Spain aka Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor by Titian depicting Charles V at the Battle of Mühlberg in April 1547 where he defeated the Protestant forces of the Schmalkaldic League, 1548. Museo del Prado...

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Banner of the Holy Wounds
The 'Banner of the Holy Wounds' which was used by protesters during the Pilgrimage of Grace uprising of October 1536 CE against the reforms of the Catholic Church made by Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE).