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German Peasants' War
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

German Peasants' War

The German Peasants' War (1524-1525) was a conflict between the lower class of the Germanic region of the Holy Roman Empire and the nobility over the feudal system of serfdom, religious freedom, and economic disparity. It was later characterized...
Peasants' Revolt
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Peasants' Revolt

The Peasants' Revolt, also known as the Great Revolt, was a largely unsuccessful popular uprising in England in June 1381. The rebellion's leaders included Wat Tyler and they wanted massive social changes which included a removal of the poll...
Thomas Müntzer
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Thomas Müntzer

Thomas Müntzer (l. c. 1489-1525) was a German theologian and apocalyptic preacher who became one of the leaders of the German Peasants' War (1524-1525). An early follower of the reformer Martin Luther (l. 1483-1546), Müntzer established his...
Twelve Articles
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Twelve Articles

The Twelve Articles (1525) is a document written between 27 February and 1 March 1525 addressing grievances of the peasants of the Germanic regions of the Holy Roman Empire against the policies of their lords. The work was written to explain...
Episode from the German Peasants' War
Image by Belvedere, Wien

Episode from the German Peasants' War

Episode from the German Peasants' War, oil on canvas painting by Hermann Eichler, c. 1867. Belvedere, Vienna.
German Crusade 1197-8 CE
Definition by Mark Cartwright

German Crusade 1197-8 CE

The German Crusade of 1197 CE, also known as the 'Emperor's Crusade', was led by the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI (r. 1191-1197 CE). Although the emperor died on his way east, his army did capture Beirut from the forces of the Ayyubid dynasty...
Great Fear
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Great Fear

The Great Fear (French: la Grande Peur) was a wave of panic that swept the French countryside in late July and early August 1789. Fearful of plots by aristocrats to undermine the budding French Revolution (1789-1799), peasants and townspeople...
Egyptian Model of Peasants Ploughing
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Egyptian Model of Peasants Ploughing

Model of peasants ploughing from Egypt. 11th or 12th Dynasty, c. 2025-1850 BCE. The British Museum, London.
Knights' Revolt
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Knights' Revolt

The Knight’s Revolt (1522-1523) was a military action led by the German imperial knight Franz von Sickingen (l. 1481-1523) and encouraged by the knight and writer Ulrich von Hutten (l. 1488-1523) launched to restore the status of the imperial...
Interview: French Fashion during the German Occupation (1940-1944)
Article by Babeth Étiève-Cartwright

Interview: French Fashion during the German Occupation (1940-1944)

In 2024, France is celebrating the 80th anniversary of the Liberation (1944), and as part of a series of conferences organised by the Société archéologique et historique de Beaugency, Catherine Join-Dieterle, Doctor in History of Art and...
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