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Constitutional Convention
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Constitutional Convention

The Constitutional Convention was held at Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from 25 May to 17 September 1787. Spurred on by economic troubles left over from the American Revolution and compounded by the...
John Marshall
Definition

John Marshall

John Marshall (1755-1835) was an American lawyer and statesman, who served as the fourth chief justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1801 until his death in 1835. Considered one of the most influential chief justices in...
Paiyatuma & the Maidens of the Corn
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Paiyatuma & the Maidens of the Corn

Paiyatuma and the Maidens of the Corn is a legend of the Zuni nation of the Pueblo peoples of the Southwest of the modern-day USA. Paiyatuma (also given as Paiyatamu) is a kachina spirit – an elemental entity –...
Mercy Otis Warren
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Mercy Otis Warren

Mercy Otis Warren (1728-1814) was an American poet, playwright, and activist during the era of the American Revolution (1765-1789). Through her works of political satire, she advocated for the Patriot cause and became acquainted...
Norse America: The Story of a Founding Myth by Gordon Campbell
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Norse America: The Story of a Founding Myth by Gordon Campbell

Cover of Norse America: The Story of a Founding Myth by Gordon Campbell. Published by Oxford University Press.
Homestead Act
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Homestead Act - Settling the American West

The Homestead Act was a policy enacted by the United States government on 20 May 1862 to encourage westward expansion. Passed during the American Civil War (1861-1865), the act offered 160 acres (65 ha) of...
The Founding of Santiago de Chile
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The Founding of Santiago de Chile

A 19th-century painting by Pedro Lira Rencoret showing the foundation of Santiago de Chile in 1541 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Valdivia. (National History Museum, Santiago)
Ingolfr Arnarson Founding Reykjavik
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Ingolfr Arnarson Founding Reykjavik

Photograph of a painting depicting Ingólfr Arnarson (c. 874 CE), who is considered the first historical settler of Iceland. His story is preserved in the Landnámabók and tells how, when his ship was just off the...
XYZ Affair
Definition

XYZ Affair

The XYZ Affair was a diplomatic incident that occurred in 1797-98, involving diplomats from the United States and Revolutionary France. Amidst rising tensions between the two nations, President John Adams sent envoys to Paris to negotiate...
Quasi-War
Definition

Quasi-War

The Quasi-War (1798-1800) or 'Half War' was a limited, undeclared naval conflict fought between the United States and the First French Republic. Hostilities arose when French privateers began attacking neutral American shipping, resulting...
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