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Barrage Balloons over London
A photograph showing barrage balloons over London. The balloons were tethered on wires and deterred low-flying aircraft which could become entangled in them. Balloons were used to protect cities and important sites during the Second World...

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Map of the Five Nations, 1730 CE
Map of the Five Nations, 1730 CE.
Darlington map collection, Archives Service Center, University Library System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA US

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French Soldiers Inspect Goods in Leipzig
French soldiers inspect goods in Leipzig in 1806, near the start of Napoleon's Continental System. By Gottfried Heinrich Geißler, 1824.

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Korean Royal Wedding Re-enactment
A modern re-enactment of a traditional Korean wedding. Such richly embroidered clothes could only be worn by women of the royal or ‘sacred bone’ (seonggol) class in the Korean bone rank system used in the Silla period (57 BCE - 935 CE).

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The Berlin Decree, Pages 2 and 3
Pages 2 and 3 of the Berlin Decree, signed 21 November 1806 by Emperor Napoleon I that kicked off the Continental System embargo on British trade.

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Chain Home Radar Towers
A number of Chain Home radar towers, used by Britain to detect enemy movements during the Second World War (1939-45), particularly as part of the Dowding System during the Battle of Britain of 1940. These towers were at Poling in Sussex...

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Observer Corps Members Sighting Enemy Aircraft
A photograph showing members of the British Royal Observer Corps and the equipment they used to measure the altitude and position of incoming enemy aircraft during the Second World War (1939-45). The observers were an important element of...

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Inventions & Innovations of Ancient Persia
Ancient Persian culture contributed many of the aspects of the modern world which people take for granted as having always existed. The designation “Persia” comes from the Greeks – primarily from the historian Herodotus – but the people of...

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Bureaucracy in the Achaemenid Empire: Learning from the Past
In the early days of the Achaemenid Empire (c. 550-330 BCE), the kings came to realise that, if they were to be able to administer the vast mass of land and the multicultural people who inhabited it, they had to create an organizational system...

Definition
Meiji Period
The Meiji period refers to the period in Japanese history from 1868 to 1912 during which the Meiji Emperor reigned. Following the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate in the Meiji Restoration of 1868, Japan's new leaders embarked on a program...