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Gupta Empire
The Gupta Empire stretched across northern, central and parts of southern India between c. 320 and 550 CE. The period is noted for its achievements in the arts, architecture, sciences, religion, and philosophy. Chandragupta I (320...
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Zodiac Wheel Mosaic
A detail of a mosaic depicting the signs of the zodiac. From a 6th century CE synagogue at Beth Alpha, Jezreel Valley, northern Israel.
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Mosaic with the Bust of Athena
A 3rd Century CE mosaic from Tusculum, a major ancient Roman city in the Latium region of Italy. Athena (Minerva), goddess of war, can be seen (middle) with the phases of the moon surrounding her. This mosaic is held...
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Mosaic with Busts of the Planetary Deities, Italica (Spain)
Mosaic in the House of the Planetarium in Italica (an archaeological site located in modern-day Santiponce, 9 kilometres (5.5 miles) north of Seville in Spain) with busts of the planetary deities...
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10th-century Equatorium
Equatorium of Jafar al-Khazin (900-971 CE).
Istanbul Museum of the History of Science and Technology in Islam.
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Simon Forman
Simon Forman (1552-1611), Elizabethan doctor and astrologist. Engraving by Richard Godfrey was published in 1776 and was based on a portrait of Forman by John Bulfinch (active 1680-1728).
Wellcome Collection, London.
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Simon Forman
Simon Forman (1552 -1611), Elizabethan astrologer and doctor, oil on wood painting by an unknown artist, c. 1900, likely based on the earlier portrait by John Bulfinch, later engraved by Richard Godfrey in 1776. Wellcome Collection...
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The Ancient City
In the study of the ancient world a City is generally defined as a large populated urban center of commerce and administration with a system of laws and, usually, regulated means of sanitation. This is only one definition, however...
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Greek Alphabet
The Greek Alphabet developed from the Phoenician script at some point around the 8th century BCE. The earlier Mycenaean Linear B script, used primarily for lists and inventories, had been lost during the Greek Dark Age, and the...
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Nicolaus Copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543 CE) was a Polish astronomer who famously proposed that the Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun in a heliocentric system and not, as then widely thought, in a geocentric system where...