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Mithra
Definition

Mithra

Mithra is the Persian god of the rising sun, contracts, covenants, and friendship. He also oversaw the orderly change of the seasons, maintained cosmic order, and was responsible for bestowing divine grace on kings, legitimizing their...
Famous Buddhist Monks of Ancient Korea
Article

Famous Buddhist Monks of Ancient Korea

Throughout ancient Korea's history Buddhist monks were a particularly important element of state and religious affairs. From the 4th century CE onwards, in the Three Kingdoms period, they were members of a select...
Jade in Ancient China
Article

Jade in Ancient China

Jade (nephrite) was regarded as the most precious stone in ancient China, and it symbolised purity and moral integrity. Prized for its durability and magical qualities, the stone was laboriously carved and polished into all...
The Salt Trade of Ancient West Africa
Article

The Salt Trade of Ancient West Africa

Salt from the Sahara desert was one of the major trade goods of ancient West Africa where very little naturally occurring deposits of the mineral could be found. Transported via camel caravans and by boat along...
Depictions of India in Ancient Literature
Article

Depictions of India in Ancient Literature

Herodotus (484 BCE – c. 425 BCE) has been called the Father of History since he was the first historian known to collect his materials in detail, test their accuracy to a certain extent and arrange them in...
Plague in the Ancient & Medieval World
Article

Plague in the Ancient & Medieval World

The word 'plague', in defining a lethal epidemic, was coined by the physician Galen (l. 130-210 CE) who lived through the Antonine Plague (165 - c. 180/190 CE) but the disease was recorded long before in relating...
Zen Buddhism in Ancient Korea
Article

Zen Buddhism in Ancient Korea

Buddhism was introduced from China to ancient Korea in the 4th century BCE and adopted as the official state religion by the Kingdoms of Baekje, Goguryeo, and Silla. The faith split into separate divisions across Asia...
Chariots in Ancient Chinese Warfare
Article

Chariots in Ancient Chinese Warfare

The chariot was used in Chinese warfare from around 1250 BCE but enjoyed its heyday between the 8th and 5th century BCE when various states were constantly battling for control of China. Employed as a status symbol...
Ptolemaic Dynasty in Ancient Egypt
Lesson

Ptolemaic Dynasty in Ancient Egypt

We have prepared one lesson plan including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: - Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays - Recommended resources to provide...
Trade in Ancient Celtic Europe
Article

Trade in Ancient Celtic Europe

Trade in raw materials and manufactured goods in ancient Celtic Europe was vibrant and far-reaching, particularly regarding the centre of the continent where there was a hub of well-established trade routes. As the...
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