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Childhood in the Viking Age
Article by Irina-Maria Manea

Childhood in the Viking Age

Childhood in the Viking Age (c. 750-1100) was largely undocumented as historical records primarily focus on adults, particularly men. Likewise, little is known about children's presence in the afterlife, as no runestones were raised in their...
Esoteric Buddhism
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Esoteric Buddhism

Esoteric Buddhism is the mystical interpretation and practice of the belief system founded by the Buddha (known as Sakyamuni Buddha, l. c. 563 - c. 483 BCE). It is known by several names and is characterized by a personal relationship with...
Gandhara - The Quest for Enlightenment  (Part 1)
Video by Silk Road Music and Arts Society

Gandhara - The Quest for Enlightenment (Part 1)

Glimpses of Gandhara Buddhist Heritage Pakistan is the custodian of some of the most sacred Buddhist heritage sites in the world dating back to the 3rd century BC. Pakistan’s Gandhara region offers a unique opportunity for pilgrims and visitors...
Viking Age Greenland
Article by Emma Groeneveld

Viking Age Greenland

Greenland was drawn into the Viking Age and settled by Norse Vikings in the late 980s CE, their presence there lasting into the 15th century CE. Despite its ice-riddled geography, the Norse managed to carve out a living for themselves in...
Pirate Punishments in the Golden Age of Piracy
Article by Mark Cartwright

Pirate Punishments in the Golden Age of Piracy

Pirates in the Golden Age of Piracy (1690-1730) both dished out and received a wide range of imaginative punishments. Victims of piracy endured torture, floggings, and ceremonies of humiliation, but when brought to justice, the pirates were...
Pirate Clothing in the Golden Age of Piracy
Article by Mark Cartwright

Pirate Clothing in the Golden Age of Piracy

Pirates have gained a reputation for wearing bright and distinctive clothing and accessories during the Golden Age of Piracy (1690-1730) even if, in reality, most of what we think they wore comes from works of fiction like Robert Louis Stevenson’s...
Pirate Weapons in the Golden Age of Piracy
Article by Mark Cartwright

Pirate Weapons in the Golden Age of Piracy

Pirates in the so-called Golden Age of Piracy (1690-1740) used all manner of weapons to attack ships and relieve them of their precious cargoes. Heavy cannons, muskets, pistols, cutlasses, and grenades were just some of the weapons pirates...
Voltaire
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Voltaire

Voltaire (1694-1778) was a French author, historian, and philosopher whose thoughts on religious toleration and moderation of authoritarian power were influential during the Enlightenment. His most famous work today is the satirical Candide...
The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York

The great estates of the Gilded Age were more than lavish displays of wealth for the American aristocracy c. 1870-1917, they supported the economy of the local communities and encouraged development. As they declined, many of the surrounding...
Mahayana Buddhism
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Mahayana Buddhism

Mahayana Buddhism is the largest Buddhist sect in the world, and its beliefs and practices are what most non-adherents recognize as "Buddhism" in the modern era. It developed as a school of thought sometime after 383 BCE, possibly from the...
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