Magic & Medicine in Ancient Egypt

Joshua J. Mark
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Magic and medicine in ancient Egypt were understood as gifts from the god Heka, who presided over both, and were used together – or interchangeably – by medical professionals in treating patients. 'Magic' was recognized as the act of drawing on natural or supernatural energies to attain a desired result from c. 6000 BCE through c. 4th century CE.

This collection presents a brief overview of the uses of magic in the medical arts as well as in spiritual defense and overall protection from harmful supernatural entities. Magic was understood as a reality of existence, a beneficial power to be utilized, throughout one's life on earth and continuing into the afterlife.

Articles & Definitions

Magic in Ancient Egypt
Article

Magic in Ancient Egypt

In ancient Egypt, if a woman were having difficulty conceiving a child, she might spend an evening in a Bes Chamber (also...
Heka
Definition

Heka

Heka is the god of magic and medicine in ancient Egypt and is also the personification of magic itself. He is probably the most important...
Ancient Egyptian Medical Texts
Article

Ancient Egyptian Medical Texts

Medicine in ancient Egypt was understood as a combination of practical technique and magical incantation and ritual...
Egyptian Medical Treatments
Article

Egyptian Medical Treatments

The ancient Egyptians experienced the same wide array of disease that people do in the present day, but unlike most people...
Egyptian Medicine
Definition

Egyptian Medicine

Medical practice in ancient Egypt was so advanced that many of their observations, policies, and commonplace procedures would...
The Magical Lullaby of Ancient Egypt
Article

The Magical Lullaby of Ancient Egypt

The Magical Lullaby (popularly known as Charm for the Protection of a Child) is an inscription from the 16th or...
Ancient Egyptian Medicine: Study & Practice
Article

Ancient Egyptian Medicine: Study & Practice

In Europe, in the 19th century CE, an interesting device began appearing in graveyards and cemeteries: the...
Bes
Definition

Bes

Bes is the ancient Egyptian god of childbirth, fertility, sexuality, humor, and war, but served primarily as a protector god of pregnant...
Female Physicians in Ancient Egypt
Article

Female Physicians in Ancient Egypt

A famous story from Greece relates how a young woman named Agnodice wished to become a doctor in Athens but found...
Spiritual Defense - Execration Rituals in Ancient Egypt
Article

Spiritual Defense - Execration Rituals in Ancient Egypt

Magic was an integral aspect of life in ancient Egypt. The world was created through the power...
Egyptian Book of the Dead
Definition

Egyptian Book of the Dead

The Egyptian Book of the Dead is a collection of spells which enable the soul of the deceased to navigate the afterlife...
Field of Reeds (Aaru)
Definition

Field of Reeds (Aaru)

A'Aru (The Field of Reeds) was the Egyptian afterlife, an idealized vision of one's life on earth (also known as Sekhet-A'Aru...

Illustrations

Questions & Answers

What was the meaning of magic in ancient Egypt?

In ancient Egypt, magic was understood as the harnessing of natural or supernatural powers to achieve a desired goal.

What was the relationship between magic and medicine in ancient Egypt?

Magic and medicine were used together or separately to treat illness and injury in ancient Egypt.

Who was the god of magic and medicine in ancient Egypt?

Heka was the god of magic and medicine in ancient Egypt. Another important deity associated with both was the god Bes.

How was magic used to treat illness and injury in ancient Egypt?

Ancient Egyptian physicians used spells, charms, herbal remedies, chants, and prayers, along with more direct measures, to treat illness and injury.
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