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Henry Hudson
Definition by Kim Martins

Henry Hudson

Henry Hudson (c. 1570-1611) was an English navigator and maritime explorer. He is known for his four voyages between 1607 and 1610 in search of a northwest passage via the Arctic Ocean to the Far East. The lure of a northwest passage became...
Charles the Simple
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Charles the Simple

Charles the Simple (Charles III of France, l. 879-929 CE, r. 893-923 CE) was king of West Francia (roughly modern-day France) toward the end of the period of Viking raids in the region. His epithet `the simple' refers to his habit of being...
Charles I of England
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Charles I of England

Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649) was a Stuart king who, like his father James I of England (r. 1603-1625), viewed himself as a monarch with absolute power and a divine right to rule. His lack of compromise with Parliament led to the English...
Charles II of England
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Charles II of England

Charles II of England (r. 1660-1685) was the king of Scotland (1649-1685) before the Restoration in 1660 also made him king of England and Ireland. Charles was a charming and easygoing monarch who took a keen interest in sports, science...
The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York

The great estates of the Gilded Age were more than lavish displays of wealth for the American aristocracy c. 1870-1917, they supported the economy of the local communities and encouraged development. As they declined, many of the surrounding...
New York and New Jersey Campaign
Article by Harrison W. Mark

New York and New Jersey Campaign

The New York and New Jersey Campaign (3 July 1776 to 3 January 1777) was a pivotal campaign waged during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783) for control of New York City, the Hudson River, and the resource-rich state of New Jersey...
Henry Hudson Portrait
Image by Unknown Artist

Henry Hudson Portrait

A speculative portrait of Henry Hudson (c. 1565 -1611 CE) that was made around 1885. Hudson was an English sea navigator who explored areas of present-day Canada and parts of the modern New York metropolitan area. He was working for the Dutch...
The Legacy of Charles Martel & the Battle of Tours
Article by Christopher L. Serafin

The Legacy of Charles Martel & the Battle of Tours

The Battle of Poitiers aka the Battle of Tours took place over roughly a week in early October of 732. The opposing sides consisted of a Frankish army led by Charles Martel (r. 718-741) against an invading Muslim army under the nominal sovereignty...
Charles Cornwallis
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Charles Cornwallis

Charles Cornwallis (1738-1805), 1st Marquess and 2nd Earl Cornwallis, was a British military officer and statesman best known for surrendering to George Washington at the Siege of Yorktown, the final decisive engagement of the American Revolutionary...
British Warships Forcing a Passage of the Hudson Between Forts Washington and Lee
Image by Thomas Mitchell after Dominic Serres

British Warships Forcing a Passage of the Hudson Between Forts Washington and Lee

British warships attempting to sail up the Hudson River but being fired upon by Fort Washington and Fort Lee, October 1776. Oil on canvas by Thomas Mitchell after Dominic Serres, c. 1776-1799. National Maritime Museum of London, England.
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