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304 BCESeleucos I refounds and renames the ancient city thereafter known as Edessa.
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132 BCEOsreoene, with its capital at Edessa, declares itself an independent kingdom.
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68 BCE - 53 BCEReign of Abgar II, king of Osroene.
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109 CE - 116 CEReign of Abgar VII, king of Osroene.
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179 CE - 216 CEReign of Abgar IX, king of Osroene.
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202 CEThe earliest record of a Christian church at Edessa.
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242 CEOsroene, with its capital at Edessa, is made into a Roman province.
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260 CEShapur I captures the Roman emperor Valerian at Edessa.
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503 CEKavad, king of the Sasanian Empire, unsuccessfully besieges Edessa.
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544 CEChosroes I, king of the Sasanian Empire, unsuccessfully besieges Edessa. n
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c. 640 CEEdessa is ruled by Muslim Arabs.
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c. 654 CEAccording to Theophanes, a Jewish merchant transports the pieces of the fallen Colossus of Rhodes to Edessa for melting down.
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944 CEA Byzantine army led by John Kourkouas besieges Edessa. The Mandylion icon is taken to Constantinople
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1036 CEThe Emirs of Mayyafariqin and Harran attack the Byzantine city of Edessa.
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Mar 1098 CEBaldwin of Boulogne takes control of Edessa and the County of Edessa is formed, one of four Crusader-created states in the Levant.
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24 Dec 1144 CEThe Muslim Seljuk Turks, led by Imad ad-Din Zangi, capture Edessa.
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Sep 1146 CEJoscelin II's attempt to retake Edessa fails and the city is sacked by Nur ad-Din.
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1147 CE - 1149 CEThe Second Crusade is launched to recapture Edessa for Christendom. It is not successful.
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1150 CEEnd of the County of Edessa.