War of the Austrian Succession: How One Woman's Right to Rule Plunged Europe into War

Q: What was the War of the Austrian Succession?

The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) was one of several imperial struggles in Europe during the 18th century, in which the various powers vied for dominance.

Q: How did the War of the Austrian Succession begin?

The War of the Austrian Succession began in 1740, when Maria Theresa ascended to the throne of the Habsburg Monarchy (primarily Austria). This was controversial, as many rulers questioned a woman's right to rule based on Salic Law. Frederick the Great of Prussia took advantage of the chaos to invade Silesia, beginning the war.

Q: Where was the War of the Austrian Succession fought?

The War of the Austrian Succession was mainly fought in Central Europe, the Low Countries, and Italy. However, parts of the conflict extended overseas to Canada, the Caribbean, South America, and India.

Q: Who fought in the War of the Austrian Succession?

Generally speaking, the War of the Austrian Succession was fought between two coalitions: the Pragmatic Alliance (Austria, Britain, the Dutch Republic, Hanover, Russia, and others) and the anti-Habsburg alliance (Prussia, France, Bavaria, Spain, and others).

Harrison W. Mark

Definition

The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) was a major conflict fought between the great powers of Europe, sparked by a dispute over the right of a woman – Maria Theresa – to succeed to the Austrian throne. Maria Theresa was supported by the Habsburg monarchy, Great Britain, the Dutch Republic, Hanover, Saxony, and Russia, a coalition known as the Pragmatic Alliance.

More about: War of the Austrian Succession

Timeline

16 Dec 1740 - 18 Oct 1748
War of the Austrian Succession.
16 Dec 1740
Frederick the Great invades the Austrian province of Silesia, triggering the War of the Austrian Succession.
10 Apr 1741
Frederick the Great wins his first battle against the Austrians at the Battle of Mollwitz; the War of the Austrian Succession escalates.
4 Jun 1745
Frederick the Great wins a decisive victory over the Austrians and Saxons at the Battle of Hohenfriedberg.
25 Dec 1745
Treaty of Dresden; Maria Theresa of Austria cedes Silesia to Prussia. In turn, Frederick the Great promises to recognize her as the rightful ruler of the Habsburg monarchy.
18 Oct 1748
The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle is signed, ending the War of the Austrian Succession and its related conflicts.