Question 1

What was the Sand Creek Massacre?

Accepted Answer

The Sand Creek Massacre was a slaughter of Cheyenne and Arapaho, mainly women, children, and the elderly, by US troops under Colonel Chivington on 29 November 1864.

Question 2

What caused the Sand Creek Massacre?

Accepted Answer

Promises by the US government made in treaties were not honored, resulting in Cheyenne and Arapaho raiding parties taking what they needed to survive from White settlers. The murder of the Hungate family, presumably by Cheyenne or Arapaho raiders, along with other raids, encouraged policies of US officials informed by revenge rather than justice.

Question 3

How many Native Americans were killed in the Sand Creek Massacre?

Accepted Answer

Conservative estimates give the Cheyenne and Arapaho casualties at 150, though it was most likely much higher. Some sources estimate as many as 600, though that is generally regarded as too high.

Question 4

Were any of the Native Americans in the encampment involved with raiding parties?

Accepted Answer

The Native American encampment at Sand Creek was led by "peace chiefs" who were in compliance with US policies. Raiding parties were led by "war chiefs" who were not part of Black Kettle's camp.

Sand Creek Massacre

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