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1500The Portuguese mariner Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil.
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1502The Portuguese establish the first trading station (feitoria) in Brazil north of Rio de Janeiro.
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1511The name Brazil first appears on maps.
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1511The Portuguese mariners João de Lisboa and Estêvão Froes explore the coast of Brazil.
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1532The first Portuguese settlement in Brazil is founded at São Vicente.
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1533 - 1539The first sugar plantations are established in Portuguese Brazil at Pernambuco, Sâo Vicente and Rio.
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1549Brazil is made a Crown colony of the Portuguese empire.
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1567The French colony of France Antarctique in Guanabara Bay, Brazil is taken over by the Portuguese.
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1570The Portuguese Crown prohibits Amerindians in Portuguese Brazil being taken as slaves.
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1572The Portuguese Crown establishes a viceroy in Portuguese Brazil.
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1624The Dutch capture Salvador in Portuguese Brazil.
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1630The Dutch capture Olinda and Recife in Portuguese Brazil.
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1632The Dutch capture Pernambuco in Portuguese Brazil.
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1648A military froce from Portuguese Brazil recaptures Luanda, the capital of Portuguese Angola, from Dutch control.
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1654Portuguese Brazil regains control of those parts of the colony taken over by the Dutch.
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1663A peace treaty is agreed between Portugal and the Netherlands regarding Portuguese Brazil.
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1711French forces briefly take over Rio de Janeiro in Portuguese Brazil.
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1755Amerindians in Portuguese Brazil are recognised as full and free subjects of the Portuguese Crown.
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1763Rio de Janeiro is made sole capital of Portuguese Brazil.
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1808Fearing for its safety, the Portuguese monarchy relocates to Portuguese Brazil.
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1822Brazil declares independence form Portugal.