The Khitan people formed the Liao dynasty and ruled parts of Mongolia, Manchuria, and northern China from 907 to 1125 CE. Adopting elements of Chinese government and culture, the Khitan were more than a match for their rivals the Song dynasty of China and Goryeo kingdom of Korea, and they provided a model of conquest and assimilation which would be repeated much more successfully by the later Mongol empire.
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Definition
Timeline
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907 - 927Emperor Taizu rules the Liao dynasty in northern China.
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907 - 1125The Khitan tribes form the Liao dynasty and rule parts of Mongolia, Manchuria and northern China.
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927 - 947Emperor Taizong rules the Liao dynasty in northern China.
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938The Khitan Liao dynasty invades northern China.
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947 - 951Emperor Shizong rules the Liao dynasty in northern China.
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951 - 969Emperor Muzong rules the Liao dynasty of northern China.
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960 - 1125The Northern Song Dynasty in China.
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969 - 982Emperor Jingzong rules the Liao dynasty of northern China.
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982 - 1031Emperor Shenzong rules the Liao dynasty of northern China.
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994The Khitan Liao dynasty invades the Korean peninsula.
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1004Treaty of Shanyuan which brings peace between the Liao dynasty and Song dynasty of China with the latter compelled to pay annual tribute.
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1031 - 1055Emperor Xingzong rules the Liao dynasty of northern China.
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1033Goryeo wins a decisive battle against the northern Khitan tribes.
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1055 - 1101Emperor Daozong rules the Liao dynasty of northern China.
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1101 - 1125Emperor Tianzu rules the Liao dynasty of northern China.
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1115The Jurchen (Jin state) attack the Liao state in northern China.
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1120The Jin state attacks the Khitan-Liao capital of Jehol in northern China.
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1216The Mongols pursue the Khitan into Korea.
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1219A Goryeo army allies with the Mongols to attack the Khitan in northern Korea.
