Artaxerxes I (r. 465-424 BCE) was the sixth monarch of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. He was the son of Xerxes I (r. 486-465 BCE) and his principal wife Amestris (d. 424 BCE) and grandson of Darius I (the Great, r. 522-486 BCE). He continued the Persian Wars with Greece initiated by both his predecessors, but preferred stealth and bribery to open war, finally bringing the struggle to a close with the Peace of Callias c. 449 BCE.
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Timeline
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465 BCE - 424 BCEReign of Artaxerxes I of the Achaemenid Empire.
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c. 465 BCE - c. 424 BCESusa is destroyed by fire under the reign of King Artaxerxes I.
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460 BCE - 454 BCERevolt of Inaros II in the province of Egypt, supported by Athens.
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c. 458 BCEArtaxerxes I sends the priest Ezra to Jerusalem to codify the Mosaic Law and establish order.
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c. 449 BCEPeace of Callias ends hostilities between Athens and Achaemenid Empire for the duration of Artaxerxes I's reign.
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c. 449 BCEIonian cities become independent from Persia under the Peace of Callias.
