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Definition
El Dorado - The Gilded Ruler of Ancient Colombia
El Dorado ('Gilded Man' or 'Golden One') referred to the legendary kings of the Muisca (Chibcha) people who populated the northern Andes of modern-day Colombia from 600 to 1600. The name derives from the coronation ritual when the new king...

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Franz Liszt in Concert
An 1842 cartoon by Theodor Hosemann showing 'Lisztomania', the hysteria of the audience when the virtuoso piano player and composer Franz Liszt (1811-1886) performed in public.

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Spanish Conquistadores Being Tortured
A 16th-century print by Theodor de Bry showing indigenous peoples gaining revenge on Spanish Conquistadores in the Americas by pouring molten gold down their throats. (From Grand Voyages Accounts to the Americas, and to Africa and the Orient...

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Triumphal Entry of Germanicus into Rome
Thusnelda at the Triumphal Entry of Germanicus into Rome, oil on canvas painting by Karl Theodor von Piloty, 1875. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Gift of Horace Russell, 1887. The painting presents the triumphant return of Roman...

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Herakles as Pugilist
This smaller than life-size head came from a statue that represented the Greek hero Herakles as a pugilist. Indications for this include the puffy ears that also appear in images of sportsmen. Herakles was their patron deity; the statue may...

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Native Americans Make Dugout Canoe c. 1590
Image of Native Americans making a dugout canoe using seashell scrapers c. 1590, titled The Manner of Making Their Boates, engraving by Theodor de Bry, after a watercolor by John White.
John Carter Brown Library at Brown University.

Definition
Ancient Egyptian Writing
Ancient Egyptian writing is known as hieroglyphics ('sacred carvings') and developed at some point prior to the Early Dynastic Period (c. 3150 -2613 BCE). According to some scholars, the concept of the written word was first developed in...

Definition
Night of the Long Knives
The Night of the Long Knives (aka Blood Purge or Röhm-Putsch) of 30 June 1934 was a purge of the Nazi Sturmabteilung (SA) paramilitary group which continued through 1 and 2 July. Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), wary of the growing power of the...

Definition
Sturmabteilung
The Sturmabteilung (SA or Storm Detachment), popularly known as the Brownshirts for their uniform, was the paramilitary arm of the German Nazi party led by Adolf Hitler (1889-1945). The SA was formed in 1921 and led most famously by Ernst...

Definition
Franz Schubert
Franz Schubert (1797-1828) was an Austrian composer of Romantic music best known for his songs, symphonies, piano music, and chamber music. Schubert's career lasted only 15 years, but he was a prolific composer. Neither a conductor or virtuoso...