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The Canterbury Tales
The Canterbury Tales (written c. 1388-1400 CE) is a medieval literary work by the poet Geoffrey Chaucer (l. c. 1343-1400 CE) comprised of 24 tales related to a number of literary genres and touching on subjects ranging from fate to God's...
Definition
Children's Crusade
The so-called Children's Crusade of 1212 CE, was a popular, double religious movement led by a French youth, Stephen of Cloyes, and a German boy, Nicholas of Cologne, who gathered two armies of perhaps 20,000 children, adolescents, and adults...
Definition
Leo VI
Leo VI was emperor of the Byzantine empire from 886-912 CE. He was the second emperor of the Macedonian dynasty and is sometimes known as “Leo the Wise” in reference to his prolific literary output which ranged from orations to...
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Lilies of the Valley Egg by Fabergé
The 1898 Lilies of the Valley Egg by Peter Carl Fabergé (1846-1920). The egg was given by Tsar Nicholas II (r. 1894-1917) to his wife Alexandra Feodorovna. The egg is made of gold and pink enamel with pearl, diamond, and ruby decoration...
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George Clifford, Earl of Cumberland
A portrait of George Clifford, Earl of Cumberland (1547-1619 CE). He wears an extravagant outfit that includes a glove pinned to his hat given to him by Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603 CE). Painted by Nicholas Hilliard c. 1590 CE. (National...
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Elizabeth I Pelican Portrait
The c. 1574 CE 'Pelican Portrait' by Nicholas Hilliard of Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603 CE). The portrait takes its name from the brooch the queen is wearing over her dress studded with pearls and square-cut jewels. The pelican was...
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Ptolemy's Map of the World
The map of the world created by the astronomer and geographer Claudius Ptolemy (c. 100 - c. 170 CE). From a 15th-century book by Leinhart Holle. Made by the German cartographer Donnus Nicholas Germanus.
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Elizabeth I Phoenix Portrait
A c. 1575 CE portrait of Elizabeth I of England (r. 1588-1603 CE) known as the 'Phoenix Portrait'. The work is by Nicholas Hilliard (1547-1619) and is named after the pendant the queen wears hanging on her chest. The phoenix symbolizes regeneration...
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Mary, Queen of Scots by Haillard
A c. 1578 CE portrait by Nicholas Haillard of Mary, Queen of Scots (r. 1542-1567 CE). (Victoria and Albert Museum, London)
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Henry III of France
Henry III of France (r. 1574-1589), oil on canvas by Nicholas Hilliard, c. 1576-78.
Private Collection.