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![Self-portrait of John André Before his Execution](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/19096.jpg?v=1718208803)
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Self-portrait of John André Before his Execution
A self-portrait of British Major John André (1750-1780) drawn on 1 October 1780, the night before he was hanged by the Continental Army for espionage.
Yale University Manuscripts & Archives collection.
![Durer, Self-portrait (1500)](/uploads/kraked/6/6-2145_ci_preview.jpg)
Video
Durer, Self-portrait (1500)
Albrecht Dürer, Self-Portrait, 1500 (Alte Pinakothek, Munich) Speakers: Dr. Steven Zucker & Dr. Beth Harris. Created by Beth Harris and Steven Zucker.
![Upanishads: Summary & Commentary](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/12360.jpg?v=1716835811)
Article
Upanishads: Summary & Commentary
The Upanishads are among the best-known philosophical-religious works in the world and also among the oldest as the earliest texts are thought to have been composed between 800-500 BCE. These works are philosophical dialogues relating to...
![Hinduism](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/1194.jpg?v=1714897683)
Definition
Hinduism
Hinduism is the oldest religion in the world, originating in Central Asia and the Indus Valley, still practiced in the present day. The term Hinduism is what is known as an exonym (a name given by others to a people, place, or concept) and...
![Mandala](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/1418.jpg?v=1713139385)
Definition
Mandala
A mandala (Sanskrit for “circle”) is an artistic representation of higher thought and deeper meaning given as a geometric symbol used in spiritual, emotional, or psychological work to focus one's attention. The image first appears in India...
![Ethnicity & Identity Within the Four-Room House](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/2880.jpg?v=1668327547)
Article
Ethnicity & Identity Within the Four-Room House
The process of determining ethnicity is a problematic venture, even more so when interpreted through the archaeological record. Despite this issue, evidence, such as the four-room house, has been preserved that can be interpreted to represent...
![Cushman Monument](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/13079.jpg?v=1618587008)
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Cushman Monument
Monument to Robert Cushman at Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts. It reads: Fellow exile with the Pilgrims in Holland, Afterwards their chief agent in England, Arrived here IX November, MDCXXI, With Thomas Cushman his son: Preached...
![Upanishads](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/1033.jpg?v=1697471524)
Definition
Upanishads
The Upanishads are the philosophical-religious texts of Hinduism (also known as Sanatan Dharma meaning “Eternal Order” or “Eternal Path”) which develop and explain the fundamental tenets of the religion. The name is translated as to “sit...
![Xunzi](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/12469.jpg?v=1707060543)
Definition
Xunzi
Xunzi (pronounced shund-zee, l. c. 310-c. 235 BCE) was a Confucian philosopher of the Warring States Period (c. 481-221 BCE) in China. He is also known as Hun Kuang, Hsun Tzu, Xun Tzu, and Xun Kuang. Xunxi translates as Master Xun and is...
![Adam Smith](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/18204.png?v=1701360898)
Definition
Adam Smith
Adam Smith (1723-1790) was a Scottish philosopher, economist, and leading Enlightenment figure. In The Wealth of Nations, he advocates free trade and limited interference in markets by governments, for which he is seen as the founder of liberal...