Us president: Did you mean...?

John C. Calhoun, American congressman and vice president in the pre-Civil War era, oil on canvas by George Peter Alexander Healy, c. 1845. National Portrait Gallery, Washington, D.C.

Apache medicine man and war chief Geronimo, photo by Edward S. Curtis, 1905. Description by Edward S. Curtis: This portrait of the historical old Apache was made in March, 1905. According to Geronimo's calculation he was at the time seventy-six...

Portrait of Elizabeth Kortright Monroe who, as the wife of President James Monroe, served as First Lady of the United States from 1817 to 1825. White House, Washington, D.C, courtesy of the Edwards family.

Miniature portrait of future US President James Madison in 1783, when he was a 32-year-old delegate to the Continental Congress. Watercolor on ivory, by Charles Willson Peale, 1783. This miniature was given to Catherine 'Kitty' Floyd, who...

Execution of the thirty-eight Sioux Indians at Mankato Minnesota, December 25, 1862. Print by Buffalo: Hayes Litho. Co., c. 1883. President Abraham Lincoln ordered the mass execution of 38 Native Americans in Minnesota for revolt against...

Louisa Catherine Johnson Adams (1775-1852), wife of President John Quincy Adams, First Lady of the United States from 1825 to 1829, oil on canvas portrait by Gilbert Stuart, c. 1820s. White House, Washington, D.C.

Dolley Madison, wife of President James Madison and First Lady of the United States from 1809 to 1817. She is credited with helping to define the role of the First Lady in US politics. Oil on canvas portrait by Gilbert Stuart, 1804. White...

A c. 1880 oil on canvas, Portrait of Alexander Cassatt, by Mary Cassatt (1844-1926), the American impressionist painter. Alexander Cassatt, the artist's brother, was President of the Pennsylvania Railroad. (Private Collection)

Proclamation of Emancipation by the President of the United States of America, officially issued on 1 January 1863. Library of Congress, Washington D.C.

Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933. He gained power by making popular promises like improving Germany's economy and status in Europe, but when he took these policies too far, he was responsible more than anything...