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Medieval Icelandic Government
Definition by Irina-Maria Manea

Medieval Icelandic Government

Early medieval Icelandic government, or Viking Iceland, has been termed an incipient form of democracy or democratic parliamentarism, however, the system was actually nothing like its European counterparts, be they medieval or contemporary...
The Role of Women in the Roman World
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Role of Women in the Roman World

The exact role and status of women in the Roman world, and indeed in most ancient societies, has often been obscured by the biases of both ancient male writers and 19-20th century CE male scholars, a situation only relatively recently redressed...
Social Change in the British Industrial Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

Social Change in the British Industrial Revolution

The British Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) witnessed a great number of technical innovations, such as steam-powered machines, which resulted in new working practices, which in turn brought many social changes. More women and children worked...
A Gallery of Daily Life in Classical Antiquity
Image Gallery by Jan van der Crabben

A Gallery of Daily Life in Classical Antiquity

Throughout the ages, people have wondered what daily life in ancient Greece and Rome may have been like. How did people in the Classical World go about their lives, and was it really different to how we live today? We have frescoes, mosaics...
Interview: Buddhism in Korea
Interview by James Blake Wiener

Interview: Buddhism in Korea

In this interview, James Blake Wiener, Co-Founder and Communications Director at Ancient History Encyclopedia (AHE), speaks to Emeritus Professor James H. Grayson, Professor of Korean Studies at the University of Sheffield, about the historical...
The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York

The great estates of the Gilded Age were more than lavish displays of wealth for the American aristocracy c. 1870-1917, they supported the economy of the local communities and encouraged development. As they declined, many of the surrounding...
Interview: Swallow's Dance by Wendy Orr
Interview by Jan van der Crabben

Interview: Swallow's Dance by Wendy Orr

In this interview, Ancient History Encyclopedia is speaking with Wendy Orr, the rather prolific author of numerous books who has recently published the book Swallow's Dance. It is a book of historical fiction set in the Bronze Age Aegean...
Code of Hammurabi
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Code of Hammurabi - The Most Influential Law Code of the Ancient World

The Code of Hammurabi was a set of 282 laws inscribed in stone by the Babylonian king Hammurabi (reign 1792-1750 BCE), who conquered and then ruled ancient Mesopotamia. Although his law code was not the first, it was the most clearly defined...
Montesquieu
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Montesquieu

Montesquieu (1689-1757) was a French philosopher whose ideas in works like The Spirit of the Laws helped launch the Enlightenment movement in Europe. His ideas on the separation of powers, that is, between the executive, legislative, and...
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
Definition by Graham Squires

Tokugawa Tsunayoshi

Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1646-1709) governed Japan as the fifth shogun of the Edo period (1603-1876). He has often been ridiculed as the 'dog shogun' because of the laws he enacted to protect the lives of animals. Economically, however, the period...
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