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The Temple of the Emerald Buddha
A small carved figurine sits high on a grand multi-tiered pedestal in a magnificent wat (temple) in Bangkok, Thailand. It has been sitting there since 1784 CE and was originally thought to be made of emerald. Hundreds...
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Kesh Temple Hymn - The Oldest Work of Religious Literature in the World
The Kesh Temple Hymn (circa 2600 BCE) is the oldest work of religious literature in the world, sometimes referenced as the oldest extant religious poem. It is a Sumerian praise song...
Definition
Borobudur
The Temple of Borobudur or sometimes "Barabudur" is a Mahayana Buddhist temple located close to Muntilan on the island of Java in Indonesia. Built during the rule of the Sailendra Dynasty (c. 650-1025 CE), Borobudur remains the world's...
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The Megalithic Temples of Malta
The megalithic temples of Malta and Gozo rank amongst the oldest free-standing buildings in the world. Construction of these temples started c. 3500 BCE, an impressive architectural feat for their time, particularly...
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Temple of Mars Ultor, Rome
The Temple of Mars Ultor stands in the Forum of Augustus in Rome and was built to commemorate Augustus' victory in 42 BCE at the Battle of Philippi over the assassins of Julius Caesar. The building became the place where...
Definition
Parthenon - Temple of Athena Parthenos
The magnificent temple on the Acropolis of Athens, known as the Parthenon, was built between 447 and 432 BCE in the Age of Pericles, and it was dedicated to the city's patron deity Athena Parthenos. The temple...
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Second-Wave Civilization Natural Resources and Trade
A map illustrating the rise and spread of the Second Wave Civilizations between c. 500 BCE and 200 CE (including the Persians, the Greeks, the Romans, the Chinese, and India) with the flows of trade...
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Map of the Second Punic War (218 - 201 BCE) - Hannibal, Scipio, Rome, and the fall of Carthaginian power
The Second Punic War (218–201 BCE) was the decisive conflict between the Roman Republic and Carthage for dominance in the western Mediterranean. It grew out...
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Division of the Second Triumvirate
A map showing the areas controlled by different members of Rome's Second Triumvirate of Lepidus (Brown), Octavian (Purple), and Mark Antony (Green) in the 1st century BCE. The light red areas indicate shared control...
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Map of the Second Anglo-Boer War, 1899–1902 - The Remaking of South Africa
The Second Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902) was a major conflict between the British Empire and the Boer republics of the South African Republic (Transvaal) and the Orange Free State, rooted...