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Ralph Waldo Emerson
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) was an American essayist as well as the foremost representative of the transcendentalist movement of the early to mid-19th century. Known mostly for his essays Self-Reliance, The American Scholar, and Nature...
Mourt's Relation
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Mourt's Relation

Mourt's Relation (published 1622 CE) is an account of the first year of the Plymouth Colony founded by the pilgrims who arrived in Massachusetts in November 1620 CE aboard the Mayflower. Its original title was A Relation or Journal of the...
Ship Money
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Ship Money - The Unpopular Tax

Ship Money was a tax applied by medieval monarchs to English coastal communities to pay for ships for the Royal Navy and so ward off pirates and enemies of the state. During the reign of Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649), the tax was used...
Myles Standish
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Myles Standish

Myles Standish (l. c. 1584-1656 CE) was the military advisor to the Plymouth Colony who traveled with the colonists (later known as pilgrims) aboard the Mayflower in 1620 CE. The colonists were made up of members of a religious separatist...
William Cecil, Lord Burghley
Definition by Mark Cartwright

William Cecil, Lord Burghley

William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley (1520-1598 CE) was Elizabeth I of England's most important minister for much of her reign (1558-1603 CE). Lord Burghley was Secretary of State for both Edward VI of England (r. 1547-1553 CE) and Elizabeth...
Christopher Jones, Captain of the Mayflower
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Christopher Jones, Captain of the Mayflower

Christopher Jones (l. c. 1570-1622 CE) was the English captain and quarter-owner of the Mayflower, the cargo ship that brought the religious separatists (now known as pilgrims) to the New World in 1620 CE. Little is known of Jones' life prior...
Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester

Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester (l. c. 1532-1588), was a high-ranking courtier who rose to become a favourite of Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603). Rumours abounded that Dudley sought to marry the queen, and their relationship may...
Mercy Otis Warren
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Mercy Otis Warren

Mercy Otis Warren (1728-1814) was an American poet, playwright, and activist during the era of the American Revolution (1765-1789). Through her works of political satire, she advocated for the Patriot cause and became acquainted with several...
William Brewster
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

William Brewster

William Brewster (l. 1568-1644 CE) was an elder of the Leiden congregation of separatists (later known as pilgrims) and their spiritual leader while onboard the Mayflower and later after the establishment of the Plymouth Colony. The pastor...
Thomas Middleton
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Thomas Middleton - Master of Jacobean Comedy and Tragedy

Thomas Middleton (1580-1627) was a poet and playwright of the English Renaissance, who flourished during the Jacobean Era (1603-1625). One of the most successful dramatists of his time, he often collaborated with other playwrights, including...
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