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Wanka Civilization
Definition

Wanka Civilization

The Wanka (also Wanca or Huanca) people occupied the highlands of ancient central Peru around Lake Junin and the Manataro, Chanchamayo and Tarma rivers. The culture flourished from the Middle to Late Horizon periods (600 CE...
Sumerian Civilization: Inventing the Future
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Sumerian Civilization: Inventing the Future

Imagine something that has never been thought of before. If one holds a book in one's hands, one can imagine an e-book, a large-print book, a picture book, all kinds of books. But how does one imagine a book...
A Gallery of the Indus Valley Civilization
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A Gallery of the Indus Valley Civilization

The Indus Valley Civilization (c. 7000-c. 600 BCE) is among the oldest in the world but, as it was only “discovered” in 1829 – after ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian sites had already been excavated – many...
Map of The Olmec World and Its Mesoamerican Connections
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Map of The Olmec World and Its Mesoamerican Connections - Power, Resources, and Interaction Networks, c. 1500–400 BCE

The Olmec world developed in the tropical lowlands of present-day Veracruz and Tabasco during Mesoamerica’s Formative period (c. 1500–400 BCE). Major...
Tonalpohualli Mesoamerican Calendar
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Tonalpohualli Mesoamerican Calendar

A representation of the Tonalpohualli – ‘Counting of the Days’ 260-day calendar used by ancient Mesoamerican cultures. Two systems ran simultaneously with a group of 13 numbered days combined with a group of 20...
The Ball Game of Mesoamerica
Article

The Ball Game of Mesoamerica

The sport known simply as the Ball Game was played by all the major Mesoamerican civilizations and the impressive stone courts became a feature of many cities. More than just a game, it could have a religious significance...
Mesoamerican Collecting Cochineal
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Mesoamerican Collecting Cochineal

An 18th-century illustration showing a Mesoamerican using the traditional method of collecting insects to make the prized cochineal dye. (The Newberry Library)
Mesoamerican Canine Vessel
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Mesoamerican Canine Vessel

Ceramic Mesoamerican canine vessel from South-Central Veracruz, Mexico, c. 600 to c. 900. This open ceramic bowl from the Veracruz Late Classic period features a mould-made effigy of a canine resembling a xoloitzcuintle...
Mesoamerican Ballgame Players
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Mesoamerican Ballgame Players

A ceramic vessel with painted scenes of Maya players of the Mesoamerican ballgame. Guatemala, 700-800 CE. (St. Louis Art Museum, Missouri)
Mesoamerican God 2 Rabbit
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Mesoamerican God 2 Rabbit

A sculpture of the Mesoamerican god known to the Aztecs as 2 Rabbit who often represented the pulque gods. These gods represented the alcoholic drink pulque and were also known as the Centzon Totochtin (400 Rabbits). 1100-1300...
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