Fortification: Did you mean...?

Detail of the 'Cyclopean' walls of the south tower of Mycenaean Tiryns (13th century BCE).

The Hill of Larissa, site of the ancient acropolis of Argos (6th to 5th century BCE). Visible today are the fortifications of the 10th century CE which incorporated some of the ancient polygonal walls, particularly on the north...

A portion of the fortifications at the site of Mari, modern-day Tell Hariri, Syria. Mari's fortifications entered their most advanced stage in the 19th century BCE when the city and the rest of the region were under threat...

The Citadel of Mycenae, occupied from late Neolithic times until the twelfth century BCE. The Mycenaean civilization was at its peak from 1350-1200 BCE and it is from this period that the fortifications acquired the form seen today.

Akrokorinth as seen from the second gate Fortifications dating back to classical times and used continually down to the Venetians

A photograph of German troops having captured the French fortifications at Maubeuge in the early stages of the First World War (1914-18). Imperial War Museums, London.

The view to the south from the upper citadel of Mycenae looking towards Argos (1350 BCE).

The 'Roman Limes' represents the border line of the Roman Empire at its greatest extent in the 2nd century AD. It stretched over 5,000 km from the Atlantic coast of northern Britain, through Europe to the...

The walls of Lugo in northern Spain were built in the later part of the 3rd century A.D. to defend the Roman town of Lucus. The entire circuit survives intact and is the finest example of late Roman fortifications...

The Byzantine Empire existed from 330 to 1453. It is often called the Eastern Roman Empire or simply Byzantium. The Byzantine capital was founded at Constantinople by Constantine I (r. 306-337). The Byzantine Empire varied in...