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Bronze Age Collapse
The Bronze Age Collapse (also known as Late Bronze Age Collapse) is a modern-day term referring to the decline and fall of major Mediterranean civilizations during the 13th-12th centuries BCE. The precise cause of the Bronze Age Collapse...

Definition
Cahokia
Cahokia is a modern-day historical park in Collinsville, Illinois, enclosing the site of the largest pre-Columbian city on the continent of North America. The original name of this city has been lost – Cahokia is a modern-day designation...

Definition
Book of Amos
The Book of Amos is a prophetic book of the Hebrew Bible largely dating to the 8th century BCE and considered to be scripture by modern-day Jews and Christians. The work chronicles the visions that the ancient author of this book believed...

Definition
Sabratha
Sabratha was an ancient port city on the coast of North Africa (in modern-day Libya). The site was originally inhabited by the indigenous Berber Zwagha tribe in the 8th century BCE (according to the 11th-century CE historian al-Bakari) who...

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The Mayan Pantheon: The Many Gods of the Maya
The pantheon of the Maya is a vast collection of deities worshipped throughout the regions of Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco, and Chiapas in Mexico and southward through Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador and Honduras. These gods informed...

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The Gladiators Barracks in Pompeii
The quadrangular portico located behind the stage of the Large Theatre of Pompeii was originally designed as a space for the audience to stroll in during the intervals of the theatre shows. After the earthquake of 62 CE, the building changed...

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The Close-up of the Great Buddha of Kamakura
Completed in 1252 CE, the Great Buddha of Kamakura has survived countless earthquakes, including the devastating 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake, and a tsunami in 1498 CE. Since that tsunami, the statue has remained outside and has never been...

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Ruins of The Church of Santa Maria do Carmo
Ruins of The Church of Santa Maria do Carmo. The church was established in 1389 CE by D. Nuno Álvares Pereira (1360-1431 CE) and destroyed in the 1755 CE Lisbon earthquake.

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Hellenistic Gate, Butrint
A gate entrance in the Hellenistic fortification walls of Butrint (modern Albania), 2nd century BCE. Constructed using large ashlar blocks with angled joins designed to minimise earthquake damage. Despite this precaution the large cracks...

Article
Azulejos: The Visual Art of Portugal
Glazed blue ceramic tiles or azulejos are everywhere in Portugal. They decorate the winding streets of the capital, Lisbon. They cover the walls of train stations, restaurants, bars, public murals, and fountains, churches, and altar fronts...