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Hitler's Occupation of Czechoslovakia
Throughout 1938, Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), the leader of Nazi Germany, threatened to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. The excuse presented was that Sudeten Germans were being repressed but Hitler was intent on creating a 'Greater...
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Eyewitness Accounts of the Holocaust
The Holocaust was the murder of 6 million Jewish people by the SS, Gestapo, and other organisations of Nazi Germany and its allies in the years prior to and through the Second World War (1939-45). Innocent men, women, and children were shot...
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The Eloquent Peasant & Egyptian Justice
The Tale of the Eloquent Peasant is a literary work from the Middle Kingdom of Egypt (2040-1782 BCE) which illustrates the value society placed on the concept of justice and equality under the law. In the story, a peasant named Khun-Anup...
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Why Was Fascism Obsessed With Sports?
Can physical education be part of a totalitarian project to control and reshape the masses? Both the leader of Fascist Italy, Benito Mussolini (1883-1945), and the leader of Nazi Germany, Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), believed that sports could...
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European Division of Africa Cartoon
A cartoon in the French magazine "L'illustration" (January 3, 1885) presenting a critical view of the Berlin Conference 1884-5. It depicts Otto von Bismarck (1815-98), Chancellor of Germany, cutting a cake labeled 'Africa' with a knife, symbolizing...
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Cartoon of Leopold II Carving up the Congo Basin
An illustration by François Maréchal showing King Leopold II of Belgium (reign 1865-1909) carving up the Congo Basin, a reference to the Berlin Conference 1884-5 which set some of the ground rules for the Scramble for Africa. Russia is represented...
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The Passover Papyrus from Elephantine
A papyrus letter, written in Aramaic, from the fortified island of Elephantine in Egypt. The letter was written c. 419 BCE by a Jewish man named Hananiah and is addressed to his brother Jedoniah and the rest of the Jews garrisoned at Elephantine...
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Eris
Eris depicted on an Attic black-figure kylix, 575-525 BCE.
Altes Museum, Berlin.
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Cavalry Fight at Möckern
Cavalry fight at the village of Möckern, part of the Battle of Leipzig (16-19 October 1813), illustration from the German-language book Geschichte des Husaren-Regiments von Zieten (Brandenburgisches) Vol. 3 by Armand Freiherr, Ardenne Berlin...
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Tyrol Rebellion of 1809
The Tyrolean militia returns from war during Tyrol's rebellion against Napoleon in 1809, during the War of the Fifth Coalition. Oil on canvas by Franz Defregger, 1876.
Alte Nationalgalerie , Berlin.