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The oldest known and documented medical degree in the world. It was awarded by the University of al-Qarawiyyin, Fez, Morocco, to Doctor Abdellah Ben Saleh Al Koutami in 1207.

A map of Erie Canal c. 1840. The canal, constructed between 1817 and 1825, stretches 363 miles (584 km) from the Hudson River at Albany, New York, to Lake Erie at Buffalo, New York.

A statue of Egyptian Vizier Hemiunu (c. 2570 BCE) who is credited as the architect of the Great Pyramid at Giza. From his tomb at Giza. (Roemer and Pelizaeusmuseum, Hildesheim, Germany)

Reproduction of a handbill advertising a slave auction in Charleston, British Colony of South Carolina, 1769.

Map of the Khotyn Fortress, published in The Atlas of the Fortresses of the Russian Empire, 1830s.

Aztec god Quetzalcoatl and a hummingbird, book illustration included in the Codex Magliabechiano by unknown artist, p. 61r, c. 1550. Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, Florence.

Opening ceremony of the First Ottoman Parliament at the Dolmabahçe Palace in 1876 CE. The First Constitutional Era lasted for only two years until 1878 CE. The Ottoman Constitution and Parliament were restored 30 years later with the Young...

Title page of the Twelve Articles of the German Peasants' War (1525), from page 21 of Kulturgeschichte des deutschen Volkes by Otto Henne am Rhyn, Berlin 1897.

Polychrome plate depicting two women exchanging wreaths, the woman on the right grasps the other's chin. Made in Thera, Greece, c. 620 BCE. (Archaeological Museum of Thera)

Titulus Crucis, a wooden plaque, allegedly part of the relics discovered by Helena of Constantinople. Church of the Holy Cross, Rome.