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Arsinoe II Philadelphus
Definition by Branko van Oppen

Arsinoe II Philadelphus

Arsinoe II (l. c. 318/311 - c. 270/268 BCE), daughter of Ptolemy I became one of the most enduring figures of the Lagid or Ptolemaic Dynasty and left an undeniable mark in the historical evidence. She was married three times; first to Alexander...
Arsinoë IV
Definition by Arienne King

Arsinoë IV

Arsinoë IV (d. 41 BCE) was a Ptolemaic princess who rebelled against her sister Cleopatra VII during the Alexandrian War in 48 BCE. After being defeated by Cleopatra's ally Julius Caesar, she was a captive in his Roman triumph. Arsinoë later...
Ptolemy II Philadelphus
Definition by Arienne King

Ptolemy II Philadelphus

Ptolemy II Philadelphus ("The Sibling Loving", r. 282-246 BCE) was the second ruler of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. He consolidated the kingdom conquered by his father Ptolemy I and presided over its golden age. Ptolemy II invested heavily in Alexandria...
Family Tree of Arsinoe II
Image by Branko van Oppen

Family Tree of Arsinoe II

Stemma (reduced family tree) of Arsinoe II, the daughter of Ptolemy I and Berenice I, showing her three marriages to Lysimachus, her half-brother Ptolemy Ceraunus, and her full brother Ptolemy II, who was first married to Lysimachus’ daughter...
Sculpture of Arsinoe II
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Sculpture of Arsinoe II

The image of the Egyptian queen Arsinoe (reigned 278-270 BCE) and wife of Ptolemy II (c. 285-246 BCE) is similar to that of the goddess Aphrodite. The form of the mouth, with a protruding upper lip indented in the middle, is an individual...
Coin Portrait of Arsinoe II
Image by Classical Numismatic Group

Coin Portrait of Arsinoe II

Gold octadrachm (mnaieion), from Alexandria, c. 253-246 BCE. The obverse shows the veiled portrait of Arsinoe II; the reverse illustrates a double cornucopia (dikeras), bound with a royal fillet (diadēma) and overflowing with grapes, pomegranate...
Ptolemy II & Arsinoe II
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Ptolemy II & Arsinoe II

The stela, from a chapel in the royal couple's honors, shows Ptolemy II and Arsinoe II in a deified form. Their staffs are attribnbutes of Egyptian gods, as is the emblem of life (ankh) held by the queen. Yet, unusually, the King wields a...
Bronze Statues of Ptolemy II & Arsinoe II
Image by The British Museum

Bronze Statues of Ptolemy II & Arsinoe II

These early 3rd-century BCE bronze statues from Alexandria, Egypt, portray the royal Ptolemaic couple Ptolemy II Philadelphus ("The Sibling-Loving") and Arsinoe II Philadelphus. Ptolemy II is wearing the scalp of an elephant, possibly symbolic...
Berenice II Euergetis
Definition by Branko van Oppen

Berenice II Euergetis

Berenice II Euergetis (c. 267-221 BCE) was a pre-eminent Hellenistic queen, who ruled together with her husband Ptolemy III (r. 246-221 BCE), when the Ptolemaic kingdom was at the height of its power, dominating most of the eastern Mediterranean...
Gold Octadrachm of Ptolemy II & Arsinoe II
Image by The British Museum

Gold Octadrachm of Ptolemy II & Arsinoe II

This massive gold coin weighing approximately 27.7-8 grams was known as an octadrachm (equivalent in worth to 8 drachmae). Under the Ptolemies, mints in cities like Alexandria and Ptolemais produced ever larger denominations in gold, silver...
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