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Detail of the Arch of Constantine
A detail of the Arch of Constantine in Rome, built in c. 315 CE to commemorate the Roman emperor's victory over Maxentius in 312 CE. On each side of the arch four free-standing Corinthian columns support statues of Dacian prisoners taken...

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Livia Drusilla
Livia Drusilla (58 BCE - 29 CE) was the third wife of emperor Augustus of Rome, mother of emperor Tiberius, and grandmother of emperor Claudius. She was one of the great women in history who achieved prominence living in the shadow of a strong...

Definition
Marcus Agrippa
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (l. 64/62 – 12 BCE) was Augustus' (r. 27 BCE - 14 CE) most trusted and unshakably loyal general and his right-hand man in the administration of the city of Rome. Although his name is forever connected with the first...

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Dacian Prisoners, Arch of Constantine
A detail from the Arch of Constantine I in Rome. Dedicated in 315 CE, the triumphal arch celebrates the emperor's victory over the Roman tyrant Maxentius in 312 CE. Between two Dacian prisoners taken from an earlier monument to Trajan, are...

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Arch of Trajan in Timgad
The so-called Arch of Trajan of Timgad was actually built during the reign of Septimius Severus (r. 193-211 CE). The structure is a three-vaulted triumphal arch built at the west end of the decumanus (the east-west oriented road of the town...

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Arch of Janus
The Arch of Janus in the forum Boarium of Rome, constructed in the 4th century CE. The four-way marble arch probably acted as a boundary marker and, perhaps not coincidentally, stands directly over the Great Drain or Cloaca Maxima which fed...

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Portrait of Augustus II of Poland
Portrait of Augustus II of Poland (r. 1694-1733), the Elector of Saxony. Commonly known as Augustus II the Strong, oil on canvas by Louis de Silvestre, c. 1720.
Nationalmuseum, Stockholm.

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Arch of Gavi, Verona
The arch known as the Arco dei Gavi, Verona, Italy. Set up in the 1st century CE the arch glorfied the powerful Gavi family. Typically, arches commemorated military triumphs and statesmen but this is a rare example of such a structure commemorating...

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Arch of Hadrian, Jerash
The arch of Hadrian, Jerash (Gerasa), Jordan, which commemorates the Roman emperor's visit in 129-130 CE.

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Forum of Augustus
The remains of the Forum of Augustus. Built by Caesar Augustus after his victory at Actium (probably around 20 BCE after the negotiated return of the standards lost by Marcus Licinius Crassus to the Parthians) it was built along with a temple...