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Definition
Venus
In Roman mythology, Venus was the goddess of love, sex, beauty, and fertility. She was the Roman counterpart to the Greek goddess Aphrodite. However, Roman Venus had many abilities beyond the Greek Aphrodite; she was a goddess of victory...

Definition
Venus Figurine
The term Venus figurine is used to describe the more than 200 small statuettes of voluptuous female figures that have been found at Upper Paleolithic sites across Europe and some parts of Asia. “When paleoanthropologists refer to figurines...

Image
The Venus of Willendorf
The Venus of Willendorf is a limestone statuette likely carved between 24,000 and 22,000 years ago, in the Upper Paleolithic, making it one of the oldest pieces of art in the world. The faceless, voluptuous, female figure is considered typical...

Video
Nude Woman (Venus of Willendorf), c. 28,000-25,000 B.C.E.
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Nude Woman (Venus of Willendorf), c. 28,000-25,000 B.C.E., Limestone, 4 1/4" high (Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna)

Article
Disarming Aphrodite: Rediscovering the Venus de Milo
The so-called Vénus de Milo is perhaps one of the most iconic works of Western art of any period. The statue of the goddess was found on the Aegean island of Milos, to which she owes her name, on the eve of the Greek War of Independence (1821-1830...

Definition
Psyche
Psyche was the goddess of the soul in ancient Greek and Roman mythology. Born a mortal woman, her beauty rivaled that of Aphrodite (Venus) and inspired the love of Aphrodite's son, Eros, god of desire. After completing a series of seemingly...

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The Venus of Laussel
The Venus of Laussel, carved between 20,000 and 18,000 years ago, is a rare example of a pre-historic bas-relief. Her faceless, voluptuous figure is characteristic of the Venus figurines produced throughout Ice Age Europe. Many scholars believe...

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Reconstructions of the Venus of Milos
The reconstruction of the Venus of Milos as proposed by Ravaisson (1890 CE) of the Venus of Milos together with the Borghese Mars (left); an older presentation in the Louvre (1855-1875 CE) with a plinth identifying the statue as “Venus Victrix”...

Definition
Sandro Botticelli
Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510 CE), real name Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi, was an Italian artist of the early Renaissance. A prolific painter, especially of altarpieces and works with a religious theme, Botticelli's most famous work today...

Definition
Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli
Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli, 'Dawn Lord,' was a Mesoamerican god who represented a menacing aspect of Venus, the morning star, and was one of the four gods which held up the sky. The people of the ancient Americas believed his rays could damage...