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Working Green Wood
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Working Green Wood - Viking Ship Construction 22

The Viking ship builders did not wait for the wood to dry, as other timber for other purposes was left. Rather, shipbuilders worked most pieces while still fresh and moist. This made the boards softer...
Birth of the Ship
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Birth of the Ship - Viking Ship Construction 30

In the end, the Viking ship was born through the successive joining of wood, iron, wool, tar, oil, and human labour. The trunk in the forest had become timber in the timber yard, a shell in the shipyard...
Functional Wood Selection
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Functional Wood Selection - Viking Ship Construction 7

In Viking shipbuilding, instead of relying on a single ideal tree, a functional selection system was applied. Hardwoods such as oak were preferred for the keel, while lighter softwoods such as pine...
Sorting the Logs
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Sorting the Logs - Viking Ship Construction 15

When the logs for a Viking ship reached the shipyard or timber yard, they were sorted by quality and intended use. At this early stage, builders had already decided which trunks would serve for the keel...
Managing Knots
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Managing Knots - Viking Ship Construction 8

Viking shipbuilders strengthened knot-related weak points in the oak planks with patches fastened from the outside. This management of defects was aimed at minimising the structural risks created by knots...
Radial Cleaving
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Radial Cleaving - Viking Ship Construction 9

For the clinker planks for a Viking ship, the tree was split radially from the centre outward. Unlike a saw, this process did not cut the fibres and preserved the natural strength of the wood. This first...
Dividing the Log
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Dividing the Log - Viking Ship Construction 17

In the Viking timber yard, the logs were divided into halves, then quarters, then eighths, and then into even smaller sections. The goal was to cut fibres with a saw, but to open the wood along its natural...
Shaping the Land
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Shaping the Land - Viking Ship Construction 26

The edges where the planks overlapped on a Viking ship were not left random. The contact surfaces, called the land, were carefully shaped, and even if they were not perfectly smooth, the seating line and...
Removing Sapwood and Pith
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Removing Sapwood and Pith - Viking Ship Construction 19

The split pieces were roughly shaped in the Viking timber yard, and the sapwood and pith were removed. The remaining core became stronger and more reliable timber for the clinker overlap. Charcoal...
Shaping the Frames
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Shaping the Frames - Viking Ship Construction 13

The frames that formed the Viking ship’s internal skeleton were cut from naturally curved branches with an axe. Blows delivered parallel to the grain ensured these structural elements reached the strength...
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