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Maurice Wilkins
Image by Godfrey Argent

Maurice Wilkins

Portrait of Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins, photograph by Godfrey Argent, 1970. Depicted here is New Zealand-born biophysicist Maurice Wilkins (1916-2004), who worked at King's College in London with English chemist Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958...
Second Continental Congress
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Second Continental Congress

The Second Continental Congress was the body of delegates that governed the Thirteen Colonies and, later, the United States during the American Revolutionary War. Between its first session in May 1775 and its disbandment in March 1781, the...
John Bell Hood
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

John Bell Hood - The Most Aggressive Confederate General

John Bell Hood (1831-1879) was a Confederate general during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Known for his aggressive style of leadership, he initially led the famous Texas Brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia before being promoted...
John Brown
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

John Brown - The Flame that Ignited Civil War

John Brown (1800-1859) was a militant abolitionist best known for the part he played in the violence of Bleeding Kansas (1854-1859) and his raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now in West Virginia) in October 1859. Brown developed an intense...
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) was an American author of novels and short stories, who produced some of the most memorable works of American literature: the novels The Scarlet Letter and The House of the Seven Gables as well as the short...
Tehran Conference
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Tehran Conference - The Debate on How the Allies Should Win WWII

The Tehran Conference, code-named Eureka, was a meeting, in November-December 1943, of 'the Big Three' Allied leaders: Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill. The conference in Iran aimed to decide how the Second World War (1939-45) against Germany...
Yalta Conference
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Yalta Conference - Roosevelt, Churchill & Stalin Create a New World Order

The Yalta Conference of 4-11 February 1945 was a meeting of the 'Big Three' Allied leaders: President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Russian Premier Joseph Stalin. The conference...
Lend-Lease
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Lend-Lease - The WWII US Aid Programme for Allies

Lend-Lease (sometimes called Lease-Lend) was a programme of financial and material aid given by the United States to its allies during the Second World War (1939-45). Food, weapons, ammunition, and agricultural equipment were amongst the...
Battle of Flamborough Head
Article by Harrison W. Mark

Battle of Flamborough Head

The Battle of Flamborough Head (23 September 1779) was one of the most famous naval engagements of the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783). Fought off the coast of Yorkshire, England, it pitted the USS Bonhomme Richard, commanded by John...
James Watson & Francis Crick
Image by Unknown Photographer

James Watson & Francis Crick

Watson and Crick at Banbury meeting, 1983. A photograph of the co-discoverers of DNA's structure, James Watson (1928-2025) and Francis Crick (1916-2004), posing in front of a double helix model at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory's Banbury...
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