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Skara Brae
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Skara Brae

Skara Brae is a Neolithic Age site, consisting of ten stone structures, near the Bay of Skaill, Orkney, Scotland. Today the village is situated by the shore but when it was inhabited (c.3100-2500 BCE) it would have been further inland. Steady...
Maeshowe
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Maeshowe

Maeshowe (pronounced `maze-ow' or `maze-oo') is a large Neolithic chambered cairn, dating from between 3000-2800 BCE, in the Stenness parish of Orkney, Scotland. According to Dr. Berit Sanders, of Lund University, the name means `Meadow Mound'...
Louis XVI, the Girondins, & the Road to Revolutionary War (1791-92)
Article by Harrison W. Mark

Louis XVI, the Girondins, & the Road to Revolutionary War (1791-92)

On 20 April 1792, King Louis XVI of France (r. 1774-1792) stood before the Legislative Assembly and, with a faltering voice, read a declaration of war against Austria, to the ecstatic delight of the gathered deputies. This declaration sealed...
Charlotte Corday
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Charlotte Corday

Charlotte Corday (1768-1793) played a prominent role in the French Revolution (1789-1799) when she assassinated radical activist Jean-Paul Marat in his bathtub on 13 July 1793. Despite her aristocratic background, Corday was an avowed republican...
Antoine Barnave
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Antoine Barnave

Antoine Pierre Joseph Marie Barnave (1761-1793) was a French lawyer, politician, and one of the most influential orators of the early stage of the French Revolution (1789-1799). He is notable for being a champion of constitutional monarchy...
Haitian Revolution
Image by Auguste Raffet

Haitian Revolution

Attack and take of the Crête-à-Pierrot (4-24 March 24, 1802) during the Haitian Revolution. Original illustration by Auguste Raffet, engraving by Ernst Hébert, published in Histoire de Napoleon, by M. de Norvins, 1839.
Robespierre & the Death Penalty
Article by Harrison W. Mark

Robespierre & the Death Penalty

"I come to ask, not the gods, but legislators…to erase from the code of the French the blood laws that command judicial murders" (Robespierre, 6). These impassioned words, spoken by Maximilien Robespierre before France's National Constituent...
Declaration of Pillnitz
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Declaration of Pillnitz

The Declaration of Pillnitz was a joint statement issued on 27 August 1791 by Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1790-1792) and King Frederick William II of Prussia (r. 1786-1797). The declaration appealed to all European powers to unite...
Execution by Guillotine in the Place de la Revolution
Image by Pierre-Antoine Demachy

Execution by Guillotine in the Place de la Revolution

Execution by guillotine in the Place de la Revolution (modern-day Place de la Condorde) in Paris, during the Reign of Terror. By Pierre-Antoine Demachy c. 1807.
Causes of the American Revolution
Image by Simeon Netchev

Causes of the American Revolution

This infographic illustrates the Causes of the American Revolution (1765-1789) rooted in a growing sense of American identity and dissatisfaction with British policies. The colonies, long accustomed to self-governance under the system of...
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