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Definition
First Intermediate Period of Egypt - Era of Transformation
The First Intermediate Period of Egypt (2181-2040 BCE) is the era that followed the Old Kingdom (circa 2613-2181 BCE) and preceded the Middle Kingdom (2040-1782 BCE) periods of Egyptian history. The name was given to the era by 19th-century...
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Southern Italy & Sicily, 1112
Political map of southern Italy c. 1112, showing the extent of the kingdom in 1154 upon Roger II of Sicily's death.
Definition
Ancient Egyptian Warfare - The Force That Built an Empire
Ancient Egyptian Warfare developed from an army of conscripts in the Pre-Dynastic Period (circa 3150-2613 BCE) through the early era of the Middle Kingdom (2040-1782 BCE), supplied to the king by regional governors, to a standing professional...
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Map of Greek Sicily, 5th Century BCE
A map indicating the principal towns in Sicily during the 5th century BCE.
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Topographical Map of Sicily
Topographical map of Sicily.
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Roger I of Sicily
Count Roger I of Sicily at the Battle of Cerami, c. 1063, painting by Prosper Lafaye (1806-1883).
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Tombstone Door (Castelluccio Culture, Sicily)
Stone door (early bronze Age, c. 2169 - c. 1500 BCE) closing of a grave dug in the rock, decorated in relief with spiral shaped motifs. On it are carved images that could allude to the sexual act and, therefore, to the continuation of life...
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Coat of Arms of Roger I of Sicily
The heraldic symbol of Roger I of Sicily (r. 1071-1101).
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Large Sicilian Bowl (Finocchito Facies, Sicily)
Four handled large bowl from Sicily (late Bronze Age, second half 8th century BCE - second half 7th century BCE) embellished with geometric patterns. The engravings consist of groups of lines, triangles with internal hatches and other inscribed...
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Dolmenic Cyst of Butera (Sicily)
Stone slabs assembled in a cubiform manner in "Piano della Fiera", Butera, Sicily, similar to those found in Sardinia and dated to the copper age (c. 3000-2100 BCE). It was reused by the Greeks and indicates mixed cult practices, both Hellenic...